238. Product of Array Except Self

Given an array nums of n integers where n > 1,  return an array output such that output[i] is equal to the product of all the elements of nums except nums[i].

Example:

Input:  [1,2,3,4]
Output: [24,12,8,6]
Note: Please solve it without division and in O(n).

思路：利用数组res从0至n移动，分别先计算左侧或右侧的乘积，移动至n处，每个数就已经分别乘以左侧和右侧了。

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> productExceptSelf(vector<int>& nums) {
        int n=nums.size();
        int left=1,right=1;     //left：从左边累乘，right：从右边累乘
        vector<int> res(n,1);
        
        for(int i=0;i<n;++i)    //最终每个元素其左右乘积进行相乘得出结果
        {
            res[i]*=left;       //乘以其左边的乘积
            left*=nums[i];
            
            res[n-1-i]*=right;  //乘以其右边的乘积
            right*=nums[n-1-i];
        }
        
        return res;
    }
};