springcloud学习（三）之Ribbon

一，介绍

Ribbon是Netflix发布的开源项目，主要功能是提供客户端的软件负载均衡算法，将Netflix的中间层服务连接在一起。Ribbon客户端组件提供一系列完善的配置项如连接超时，重试等。简单的说，就是在配置文件中列出Load Balancer后面所有的机器，Ribbon会自动的帮助你基于某种规则（如简单轮询，随即连接等）去连接这些机器。我们也很容易使用Ribbon实现自定义的负载均衡算法。

二、开发

1、新建项目hjduan.spring.cloud.ribbon pom如下

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.hjduan.spring.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>hjduan.spring.cloud</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <artifactId>hjduan.spring.cloud.ribbon</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

2、application.yml配置

server:
  port: 8764
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://admin:admin@localhost:8761/eureka/
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
    instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${spring.application.instance_id:${server.port}}
spring:
  application:
    name: hjduan-spring-cloud-ribbon

3、编写一个服务消费类 RibbonHelloWordService

package com.hjduan.spring.cloud.ribbon.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/7/11.
 */
@Service
public class RibbonHelloWordService {
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    public String ribbonHelloWordService(String name) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://HJDUAN-SPRING-CLOUD-CONSUMER/hi/{name}",String.class,name);
    }

}

4、编写controller

package com.hjduan.spring.cloud.ribbon.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.hjduan.spring.cloud.ribbon.service.RibbonHelloWordService;

/**
 * 
 * 
 *     作者：     段浩杰              2017年7月25日
 */
@RestController
public class RibbonHelloWordController {
    @Autowired
    private RibbonHelloWordService ribbonHelloWordService;

    @GetMapping(value = "/hi/{name}")
    public String ribbonHelloWord(@PathVariable String name) {
        return ribbonHelloWordService.ribbonHelloWordService(name);
    }

}

5、编写启动类

package com.hjduan.spring.cloud.ribbon;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;


/**
 * Ribbon 做负载客户端负载均衡
 * 
 * 作者： 段浩杰 2017年7月25日
 */
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class RibbinApplicationConfiguration {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new SpringApplication(RibbinApplicationConfiguration.class).run(args);
    }

    /**
     * @ LoadBalanced注册表明，这个restRemplate是负载均衡的。 @return
     */
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

}

6、运行

然后分别启动上一节的hjduan.spring.cloud.eureka， hjduan.spring.cloud.consumer，之后修改hjduan.spring.cloud.consumer的端口在启动一次。之后再启动这个项目访问地址http://localhost:8764/hi/123，运行两次观察浏览器的显示。