select getdate() as 日期,
case month(getdate())
when 11 then '十一'
when 12 then '十二'
else substring('一二三四五六七八九十', month(getdate()),1)
end + '月' as 月份
参考文章:sql 中 case when 语法
CASE 可能是 SQL 中被误用最多的关键字之一。虽然你可能以前用过这个关键字来创建字段,但是它还具有更多用法。例如,你可以在WHERE 子句中使用CASE。
首先让我们看一下CASE 的语法。在一般的SELECT 中,其语法如下:
SELECT<myColumnSpec>=
CASE
WHEN<A>THEN<somethingA>
WHEN<B>THEN<somethingB>
ELSE<somethingE>
END
在上面的代码中需要用具体的参数代替尖括号中的内容。下面是一个简单的例子:
USE pubs
GO
SELECT
Title,
'Price Range' =
CASE
WHEN price IS NULL THEN 'Unpriced'
WHEN price < 10 THEN 'Bargain'
WHEN price BETWEEN 10 and 20 THEN 'Average'
ELSE 'Gift to impress relatives'
END
FROM titles
ORDER BY price
GO
这是 CASE 的典型用法,但是使用CASE 其实可以做更多的事情。比方说下面的GROUPBY 子句中的 CASE:
SELECT 'Number of Titles', Count(*)
FROM titles
GROUP BY
CASE
WHEN price IS NULL THEN 'Unpriced'
WHEN price < 10 THEN 'Bargain'
WHEN price BETWEEN 10 and 20 THEN 'Average'
ELSE 'Gift to impress relatives'
END
GO
运行结果如下:
USE pubs
GO
SELECT
CASE
WHEN price IS NULL THEN 'Unpriced'
WHEN price < 10 THEN 'Bargain'
WHEN price BETWEEN 10 and 20 THEN 'Average'
ELSE 'Gift to impress relatives'
END AS Range,
Title
FROM titles
GROUP BY
CASE
WHEN price IS NULL THEN 'Unpriced'
WHEN price < 10 THEN 'Bargain'
WHEN price BETWEEN 10 and 20 THEN 'Average'
ELSE 'Gift to impress relatives'
END,
Title
ORDER BY
CASE
WHEN price IS NULL THEN 'Unpriced'
WHEN price < 10 THEN 'Bargain'
WHEN price BETWEEN 10 and 20 THEN 'Average'
ELSE 'Gift to impress relatives'
END,
Title
GO
运行结果:
注意,为了在 GROUP BY 块中使用 CASE,查询语句需要在GROUP BY 块中重复 SELECT 块中的CASE 块。
除了选择自定义字段之外,在很多情况下CASE 都非常有用。再深入一步,你还可以得到你以前认为不可能得到的分组排序结果集。