MYSQL启动错误：Starting MySQL.The server quit without updating PID file (/[FAILED] 之解决

今日重启虚拟主机后，发现MYSQL没起来。于是开始查，环境(LNMP,centos6.8)

1. 查看mysql状态,发现没有起来，有报错：/var/lock/subsys/mysql[FAILED]

[root@web130 var]# service mysql status
MySQL is not running, but lock file (/var/lock/subsys/mysql[FAILED]

  2.启动mysql试试，发现起不来，有报错：The server quit without updating PID file (/[FAILED]

[root@web130 ~]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.The server quit without updating PID file (/[FAILED]l/mysql/var/web130.tang.com.pid).

3.查看mysql日志，默认mysql使用错误日志名 host_name.err 并在数据目录中写入日志文件，LNMP环境mysql数据库文件和错误日志在：/usr/local/mysql/var/ 这个目录下，发现：File './mysql-bin.~rec~' not found (Errcode: 13)，提示：MYSQL_BIN_LOG::open_purge_index_file failed to open register  file，通过网络查阅得知可能是无权限。4

[root@web130 var]# tail -fn50 web130.tang.com.err

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: File './mysql-bin.~rec~' not found (Errcode: 13)
190125  3:22:17 [ERROR] MYSQL_BIN_LOG::open_purge_index_file failed to open register  file.
190125  3:22:17 [ERROR] MYSQL_BIN_LOG::open_index_file failed to sync the index file.
190125  3:22:17 [ERROR] Aborting

190125  3:22:17 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete

4.查看文件权限，发现var目录里的文件权限正常！

[root@web130 var]# ll
total 84112
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 Dec  4  2017 cms
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Jan 14 00:05 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 33554432 Jan 14 00:05 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 33554432 Nov  6  2017 ib_logfile1
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    41416 Dec 27  2017 localhost.localdomain.err
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 Nov  6  2017 mysql
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    29155 Jan 13 20:42 mysql-bin.000049
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql     2728 Jan 13 23:44 mysql-bin.000050
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql       38 Jan 14 04:44 mysql-bin.index
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 Nov  6  2017 performance_schema
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 Dec  6  2017 tylw
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql     1313 Dec 27  2017 web130.err
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    24625 Jan 24 22:18 web130.tang.com.err

5.陷入思索和搜索中，想起在windows下经常发生文件有权限而目录没给权限导致无法写入的事情，于是查看年了var目录的权限。发现var目录属性被改了，不是mysql:mysql这属性了，想起上次测试把var目录删除重建过，导致属性没有加上。于是改回这个属性，再重启正常！

[root@web130 var]# cd ..
[root@web130 mysql]# ll
total 80
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 bin
-rw-r--r--.  1 root mysql 17987 Apr 27  2017 COPYING
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root mysql  4096 Jan 14 02:34 data
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 docs
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 include
-rw-r--r--.  1 root mysql   301 Apr 27  2017 INSTALL-BINARY
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  4 root mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 man
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 mysql-test
-rw-r--r--.  1 root mysql  2496 Apr 27  2017 README
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 scripts
drwxr-xr-x. 27 root mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 share
drwxr-xr-x.  4 root mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 support-files
drwxr-xr-x   7 root root   4096 Jan 24 22:18 var
drwxr-xr-x   7 root root   4096 Jan 14 01:36 varbak

可以看到上面var文件夹属性变成了root:root，都是删除再新建忘记加属性的错！重新加属性就好了

[root@web130 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql var
[root@web130 mysql]# ll
total 80
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 bin
-rw-r--r--.  1 root  mysql 17987 Apr 27  2017 COPYING
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root  mysql  4096 Jan 14 02:34 data
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 docs
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root  mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 include
-rw-r--r--.  1 root  mysql   301 Apr 27  2017 INSTALL-BINARY
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root  mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  4 root  mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 man
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root  mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 mysql-test
-rw-r--r--.  1 root  mysql  2496 Apr 27  2017 README
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 scripts
drwxr-xr-x. 27 root  mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 share
drwxr-xr-x.  4 root  mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  mysql  4096 Nov  6  2017 support-files
drwxr-xr-x   7 mysql mysql  4096 Jan 24 22:18 var


[root@web130 mysql]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL...                                          [  OK  ]

搜索发现以前的版本Errcode: 13 会提示是权限问题，不知道这个会不会有其他错误提示。