maven生成可执行jar包

一、不依赖任何外界包，maven如何生成可以执行的jar?

pom中不包含任何引用的情况下，只需要在pom中添加 maven-jar-plugin即可。

解决过程

新建项目，仅包含一个main函数类：Xixi.java，输出 Xixi Say: hello

pom中配置为

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<groupId>com.paxi</groupId>  <artifactId>xixi</artifactId>  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>  <packaging>jar</packaging>    <name>xixi</name>  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>    <properties>   <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>  </properties>

执行 mvn clean install 生成jar包 xixi-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar,执行jar命令,执行反馈出错

1 2	java -jar xixi-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar xixi-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar中没有主清单属性

对jar进行解压缩jar xvf xixi-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar查看对应文件MANIFEST.MF

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cat META-INF/MANIFEST.MF Manifest-Version: 1.0 Archiver-Version: Plexus Archiver Built-By: paxi Created-By: Apache Maven 3.3.3 Build-Jdk: 1.8.0_121

在pom中添加插件 maven-jar-plugin

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<build>   <plugins>    <plugin>     <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>     <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>     <version>3.1.0</version>     <configuration>      <archive>       <manifest>        <mainClass>com.paxi.Xixi</mainClass>       </manifest>      </archive>     </configuration>    </plugin>   </plugins>  </build>

执行成功输出

 java -jar xixi-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
Xixi Say: hello

再对解压缩后的MANIFEST.MF文件查看为

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cat META-INF/MANIFEST.MF Manifest-Version: 1.0 Built-By: paxi Created-By: Apache Maven 3.3.3 Build-Jdk: 1.8.0_121 Main-Class: com.paxi.Xixi //新增

 

二、在pom中添加依赖，maven如何生成可执行jar?

需要使用插件maven-dependency-plugin 和 maven-jar-plugin。

解决过程

在pom中仅仅增加一个apache-commons包

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<groupId>com.paxi</groupId>  <artifactId>xixi</artifactId>  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>  <packaging>jar</packaging>    <name>xixi</name>  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>    <properties>   <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>  </properties>  <dependencies>      <dependency>     <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>     <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>     <version>3.7</version>   </dependency>    </dependencies>

在代码中运用common包中的一个类

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public static void main(String[] args) {    String words = "Xixi Say: hello";    if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(words))    {      System.out.println(words);    }  }

打包后直接运行出错

 java -jar xixi-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/lang3/StringUtils
    at com.paxi.Xixi.main(Xixi.java:11)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
    ... 1 more

在pom中增加插件

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<build>   <plugins>    <plugin>     <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>     <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>     <version>3.1.0</version>     <configuration>      <archive>       <manifest>        <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>        <mainClass>com.paxi.Xixi</mainClass>        <classpathPrefix>libs/</classpathPrefix>       </manifest>      </archive>     </configuration>    </plugin>      <plugin>     <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>     <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>     <version>3.1.1</version>     <executions>      <execution>       <id>copy-dependencies</id>       <phase>package</phase>       <goals>        <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>       </goals>       <configuration>        <outputDirectory>         ${project.build.directory}/libs        </outputDirectory>       </configuration>      </execution>     </executions>    </plugin>     </plugins>  </build>

再次运行

1 2	java -jar xixi-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar Xixi Say: hello

MANIFEST.MF文件为

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cat META-INF/MANIFEST.MF Manifest-Version: 1.0 Built-By: paxi Class-Path: libs/commons-lang3-3.7.jar Created-By: Apache Maven 3.3.3 Build-Jdk: 1.8.0_121 Main-Class: com.paxi.Xixi

 

三、不仅使用了POM中的依赖还使用了三方的jar,maven如何生成可执行jar?

编译过程需要对编译插件 maven-compiler-plugin做修改，运行的时候需要加上三方jar的目录，执行命令

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java -jar -Djava.ext.dirs=lib/ target/xixi-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar Xixi Say: hello Papa say:hello

编译解决过程

测试代码为

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public static void main(String[] args) {    String words = "Xixi Say: hello";    if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(words))    {      System.out.println(words);    }    Papa.say();  }

使用mvn命令执行报错

[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) on project xixi: Compilation failure
xixi/src/main/java/com/paxi/Xixi.java:[15,9] 找不到符号

pom中添加编译插件

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<plugin>     <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>     <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>     <version>3.1</version>     <configuration>      <compilerArgs>       <arg>-Djava.ext.dirs=lib/</arg>      </compilerArgs>     </configuration>    </plugin>

打包执行

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java -jar target/xixi-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar Xixi Say: hello Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/paxi/Papa   at com.paxi.Xixi.main(Xixi.java:15) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.paxi.Papa   at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)   at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)   at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)   at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)   ... 1 more

加上参数后即可得出结果

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java -jar -Djava.ext.dirs=lib/ target/xixi-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar Xixi Say: hello Papa say:hello