我们在做日常开发的时候在写业务的时候都会写常用的增删改查,每个业务对象都要写一遍这是非常繁琐和浪费时间的事情。
在DAO层面Spring 提供了Spring data jpa来帮我们解决这个问题,只需要声明一个接口继承自JpaRepository就能使用spring为我们提供的一些基本的数据库操作方法,但是在Service层怎么办呢?
在spring4之后我们有了解决办法,spring4的依赖注入提供了新的功能:基于范型的依赖注入
我们看看官方的说明,官方是在讲quallfier的时候带过的
7.9.5 Using generics as autowiring qualifiers
In addition to the @Qualifier annotation, it is also possible to use Java generic types as an implicit form of qualification. For example, suppose you have the following configuration:
@Configuration
public class MyConfiguration {
@Bean
public StringStore stringStore() {
return new StringStore();
}
@Bean
public IntegerStore integerStore() {
return new IntegerStore();
}
}
Assuming that beans above implement a generic interface, i.e. Store<String> and Store<Integer>, you can @Autowire the Store interface and the generic will be used as a qualifier:
@Autowired
private Store<String> s1; // <String> qualifier, injects the stringStore bean
@Autowired
private Store<Integer> s2; // <Integer> qualifier, injects the integerStore bean
Generic qualifiers also apply when autowiring Lists, Maps and Arrays:
// Inject all Store beans as long as they have an <Integer> generic
// Store<String> beans will not appear in this list
@Autowired
private List<Store<Integer>> s;
讲的是StringStore、IntegerStore分别实现了一个Store接口,这样在进行注入的时候就能自动注入准确的bean
@Autowired
private Store<String> s1; // <String> qualifier, injects the stringStore bean
@Autowired
private Store<Integer> s2; // <Integer> qualifier, injects the integerStore bean
好了,有了这个认识那么我们就来设计以下怎么来实现我们的通用范型Service
首先我们还是要定义一下我们的Repository
package com.spring.common.dao;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.repository.NoRepositoryBean;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* Created by jacky on 16-8-26.
*/
@NoRepositoryBean
public interface MyBaseRepository<T, ID extends Serializable> extends JpaRepository<T, ID> {
}
package com.spring.dao;
import com.spring.common.dao.MyBaseRepository;
import com.spring.entity.FileEntity;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @ com.spring.dao
* @author cj
* 2017/12/23
**/
@Repository
public interface FileDao extends MyBaseRepository<FileEntity,String>{
/**
* 只查询文件名、文件id、文件类型不加载具体的文件内容
* @return
*/
@Query("select new FileEntity (f.fileid,f.filename,f.filetype,f.fileext)from FileEntity f")
List<FileEntity> findAllFile();
}
下面我们来定义我们的BaseService
package com.spring.common.service;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
public interface BaseService<T,ID extends Serializable> {
/**
* 不含查询条件的分页查询
* @param pageNo
* @param pageSize
* @return
*/
public Page<T> findAll(int pageNo, int pageSize) throws Exception;
/**
* 不含查询条件的分页查询
* @param pageable
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public Page<T> findAll(Pageable pageable) throws Exception;
/**
* 获取所有数据
*
* @return
*/
public List<T> findAll() throws Exception;
/**
* 根据ID获取数据
* @param va1
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public T findOne(ID va1) throws Exception;
/**
* 新增指定数据
* @param entity
* @throws Exception
*/
public void save(T entity) throws Exception;
/**
* 更新指定数据
* @param entity
* @throws Exception
*/
public void update(T entity) throws Exception;
/**
* 删除指定数据
* @param va1
* @throws Exception
*/
public void delete(ID va1) throws Exception;
/**
* 删除指定数据
* @param entity
* @throws Exception
*/
public void delete(T entity) throws Exception;
}
package com.spring.common.service;
import com.spring.common.dao.MyBaseRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
/**
* com.hw.myp2c.common.service
* jackycheng
* 2017/11/22
**/
public abstract class BaseServiceImpl<T,ID extends Serializable> implements BaseService<T,ID>{
@Autowired
private MyBaseRepository<T,ID> myBaseRepository;
/**
* 不含查询条件的分页查询
*
* @param pageNo
* @param pageSize
* @return
*/
@Override
public Page<T> findAll(int pageNo, int pageSize) throws Exception {
return myBaseRepository.findAll(new PageRequest(pageNo,pageSize));
}
/**
* 不含查询条件的分页查询
*
* @param pageable
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public Page<T> findAll(Pageable pageable) throws Exception {
return myBaseRepository.findAll(pageable);
}
/**
* 获取所有数据
*
* @return
*/
@Override
public List<T> findAll() throws Exception {
return myBaseRepository.findAll();
}
/**
* 根据ID获取数据
*
* @param va1
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public T findOne(ID va1) throws Exception {
return myBaseRepository.findOne(va1);
}
/**
* 新增指定数据
*
* @param entity
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void save(T entity) throws Exception {
myBaseRepository.save(entity);
}
/**
* 更新指定数据
*
* @param entity
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void update(T entity) throws Exception {
}
/**
* 删除指定数据
*
* @param va1
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void delete(ID va1) throws Exception {
myBaseRepository.delete(va1);
}
/**
* 删除指定数据
* @param entity
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void delete(T entity) throws Exception{
myBaseRepository.delete(entity);
}
}
这时候我们就定义好了我们的范型Service,接下来我们就需要定义我们具体的业务类了,注意我的类声明时的extends和implements
package com.spring.service;
import com.spring.common.service.BaseService;
import com.spring.entity.FileEntity;
import java.util.List;
/**
* com.spring.service
* @author jacky
* @date 2017/12/23
**/
public interface FileService extends BaseService<FileEntity, String> {
/**
* 查询所有文件
* @return
*/
List<FileEntity> findAllFile();
}
package com.spring.service;
import com.spring.common.service.BaseServiceImpl;
import com.spring.dao.FileDao;
import com.spring.entity.FileEntity;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import java.util.List;
/**
* com.spring.service
*
* @author jacky
* @date 2017/12/23
*
* 与数据库交互实现数据库层面的文件读写
*
**/
@Service
@Transactional(readOnly = true)
public class FileServiceImpl extends BaseServiceImpl<FileEntity, String> implements FileService {
private FileDao fileDao;
@Autowired
public FileServiceImpl(FileDao fileDao) {
this.fileDao = fileDao;
}
/**
* 查询所有文件
*
* @return
*/
@Override
public List<FileEntity> findAllFile() {
return fileDao.findAllFile();
}
}
这样一些基础的增删改查我们只需要在我们的BaseService中进行定义和实现就行了,在具体的业务类中我们就可以定义一些特定的业务方法了。
详细代码地址spring