二、ThreadPoolExecutor

二、ThreadPoolExecutor

• 核心参数作用请参考（一、线程池概要）

• new ThreadPoolExecutor(xx,xx,xx…).submit(runnable)

1、类依赖关系

• ThreadPoolExecutor

  • extends AbstractExecutorService

    • implements ExecutorService

      • extends Executor

2、运行流程

• a) 如果运行线程数 < corePoolSize

  • 创建线程，运行当前任务

• b) 如果运行线程数 >= corePoolSize,并且任务队列里任务数量没有满

  • 将任务放到任务队列（workQueue）

  • 已创建的线程会轮询任务队列，如果任务队列里有值，则会从任务队列中取任务来执行

• c) 如果队列已满，并且运行线程数 < maximumPoolSize

  • 创建线程，运行当前任务

• d) 否则执行 拒绝策略

  • handler.rejectedExecution(command, this);

    ThreadPoolExecutor
    public void execute(Runnable command) {
        if (command == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();
    
        int c = ctl.get();
        //a 创建worker，并加入workers
        if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {
            if (addWorker(command, true))
                return;
            c = ctl.get();
        }
        //b 加入任务队列，如果队列满了，workQueue.offer返回失败
        if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {
            int recheck = ctl.get();
            if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))
                reject(command);
            else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)
                addWorker(null, false);
        }
        //c/d 新建worker，超过最大容量则新建失败
        else if (!addWorker(command, false))
            reject(command);
    }
    

3、核心方法解析

3.1 addWorker(Runnable firstTask, boolean core)

• 描述

  • 创建worker，一个worker里一个线程

• 参数

  • firstTask：表示当前任务

  • core：true表示使用corePoolSize，false表示使用maximumPoolSize

    ThreadPoolExecutor
    
    private boolean addWorker(Runnable firstTask, boolean core) {
    
        retry:
        for (;;) {
            int c = ctl.get();
            int rs = runStateOf(c);
    
            // 判断线程池状态，如果非running状态，返回失败，不创建worker
            if (rs >= SHUTDOWN &&
                ! (rs == SHUTDOWN &&
                   firstTask == null &&
                   ! workQueue.isEmpty()))
                return false;
    
            //先拿到当前运行的线程数，core为true则比较corePoolSize，否则比较maximumPoolSize
            //如果超过线程池容量，则返回失败，不创建worker
            //增加运行线程数
            for (;;) {
                int wc = workerCountOf(c);
                if (wc >= CAPACITY ||
                    wc >= (core ? corePoolSize : maximumPoolSize))
                    return false;
                if (compareAndIncrementWorkerCount(c))
                    break retry;
                c = ctl.get();  // Re-read ctl
                if (runStateOf(c) != rs)
                    continue retry;
                // else CAS failed due to workerCount change; retry inner loop
            }
        }
    
        //创建worker，里面会新建线程
        //然后启动线程
        //worker里覆盖了run方法，会不断从任务队列里拿任务来执行
        boolean workerStarted = false;
        boolean workerAdded = false;
        Worker w = null;
        try {
            w = new Worker(firstTask);
            final Thread t = w.thread;
            if (t != null) {
                final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;
                mainLock.lock();
                try {
                    // Recheck while holding lock.
                    // Back out on ThreadFactory failure or if
                    // shut down before lock acquired.
                    int rs = runStateOf(ctl.get());
    
                    if (rs < SHUTDOWN ||
                        (rs == SHUTDOWN && firstTask == null)) {
                        if (t.isAlive()) // precheck that t is startable
                            throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
                        //加入到workers
                        workers.add(w);
                        int s = workers.size();
                        if (s > largestPoolSize)
                            largestPoolSize = s;
                        workerAdded = true;
                    }
                } finally {
                    mainLock.unlock();
                }
                //启动线程
                if (workerAdded) {
                    t.start();
                    workerStarted = true;
                }
            }
        } finally {
            if (! workerStarted)
                addWorkerFailed(w);
        }
        return workerStarted;
    } 
    

3.2 worker.run()

• 描述

  • 运行worker

    public void run() {
        runWorker(this);
    }
    
    //启动worker
    final void runWorker(Worker w) {
        Thread wt = Thread.currentThread();
        Runnable task = w.firstTask;
        w.firstTask = null;
        w.unlock(); // allow interrupts
        boolean completedAbruptly = true;
        try {
            //先取当前任务，执行完之后，从任务队列里取任务
            //如果getTask()返回null，则意味着线程结束
            while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {
                w.lock();
                // If pool is stopping, ensure thread is interrupted;
                // if not, ensure thread is not interrupted.  This
                // requires a recheck in second case to deal with
                // shutdownNow race while clearing interrupt
                //如果线程池停止，并且当前线程没有打上中断标识，则需要打上中断
                if ((runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP) ||
                     (Thread.interrupted() &&
                      runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP))) &&
                    !wt.isInterrupted())
                    wt.interrupt();
                try {
                    beforeExecute(wt, task);
                    Throwable thrown = null;
                    try {
                        task.run();
                    } catch (RuntimeException x) {
                        thrown = x; throw x;
                    } catch (Error x) {
                        thrown = x; throw x;
                    } catch (Throwable x) {
                        thrown = x; throw new Error(x);
                    } finally {
                        afterExecute(task, thrown);
                    }
                } finally {
                    task = null;
                    w.completedTasks++;
                    w.unlock();
                }
            }
            completedAbruptly = false;
        } finally {
            processWorkerExit(w, completedAbruptly);
        }
    }
    

3.3 worker.getTask()

• 描述

  • 从任务队列中获取任务，涉及线程池参数：corePoolSize、keepAliveTime

    private Runnable getTask() {
        boolean timedOut = false; // Did the last poll() time out?
    
        for (;;) {
            int c = ctl.get();
            int rs = runStateOf(c);
    
            // Check if queue empty only if necessary.
            //如果线程池关闭，并且线程池为空，清除worker数量
            if (rs >= SHUTDOWN && (rs >= STOP || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
                decrementWorkerCount();
                return null;
            }
    
            int wc = workerCountOf(c);
    
            // 需要判断worker空闲时间，这里可以看到，allowCoreThreadTimeOut默认为false，只有超过corePoolSize的线程会受空闲时间keepAliveTime的影响
            boolean timed = allowCoreThreadTimeOut || wc > corePoolSize;
    
            //如果worker数量超过maximumPoolSize，或者已经空闲了超过keepAliveTime，返回null，即线程会结束
            if ((wc > maximumPoolSize || (timed && timedOut))
                && (wc > 1 || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
                if (compareAndDecrementWorkerCount(c))
                    return null;
                continue;
            }
    
            //如果需要判断worker空闲时间
            //timed==true：从队列中取任务，如果队列为空并且阻塞了超过keepAliveTime，说明队列没有值，返回null，该多余线程相当于空闲了keepAliveTime，即将会退出
            //timed==false：从队列中取任务，如果队列为空，则一直阻塞，直到队列中有值
            try {
                Runnable r = timed ?
                    workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) :
                    workQueue.take();
                if (r != null)
                    return r;
                timedOut = true;
            } catch (InterruptedException retry) {
                timedOut = false;
            }
        }
    }