iOS:如何执行HTTP POST 请求?
我正在接近iOS开发,我想让我的第一个应用程序之一执行HTTP POST请求。
据我所知,我应该管理通过NSURLConnection
对象处理请求的连接,这迫使我有一个委托对象,而后者又处理数据事件。
有人可以通过一个实际例子澄清这个任务吗?
我应该联系https端点发送身份验证数据(用户名和密码)并获取纯文本响应。
128
2011年4月4日Federico Zancan
您可以按如下方式使用NSURLConnection:
-
设置
NSURLRequest
:使用requestWithURL:(NSURL *)theURL
初始化请求。如果需要指定POST请求和/或HTTP标头,请使用
NSMutableURLRequest
(void)setHTTPMethod:(NSString *)method
(void)setHTTPBody:(NSData *)data
(void)setValue:(NSString *)value forHTTPHeaderField:(NSString *)field
-
使用
NSURLConnection
以两种方式发送您的请求:-
同步:
(NSData *)sendSynchronousRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request returningResponse:(NSURLResponse **)response error:(NSError **)error
这将返回您可以处理的
NSData
变量。重要提示:请记住在单独的线程中启动同步请求以避免阻止UI。
-
异步:
(void)start
-
不要忘记设置NSURLConnection的委托来处理连接,如下所示:
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response {
[self.data setLength:0];
}
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)d {
[self.data appendData:d];
}
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error {
[[[[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"Error", @"")
message:[error localizedDescription]
delegate:nil
cancelButtonTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"OK", @"")
otherButtonTitles:nil] autorelease] show];
}
- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection {
NSString *responseText = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:self.data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
// Do anything you want with it
[responseText release];
}
// Handle basic authentication challenge if needed
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveAuthenticationChallenge:(NSURLAuthenticationChallenge *)challenge {
NSString *username = @"username";
NSString *password = @"password";
NSURLCredential *credential = [NSURLCredential credentialWithUser:username
password:password
persistence:NSURLCredentialPersistenceForSession];
[[challenge sender] useCredential:credential forAuthenticationChallenge:challenge];
}
168
2011年4月4日Anh Do
编辑:ASIHTTPRequest已被开发人员抛弃。它仍然是非常好的IMO,但你现在应该看看其他地方。
我强烈建议使用 ASIHTTPRequest库 如果您正在处理HTTPS。即使没有https,它也为这样的东西提供了一个非常好的包装器,虽然通过简单的http做自己并不难,我只是觉得这个库很好并且是一个很好的入门方式。
HTTPS的复杂性在各种情况下都是微不足道的,如果您想要在处理所有变体时都很健壮,那么您会发现ASI库是一个真正的帮助。
13
2011年4月4日Roger
我想我会更新这篇文章,并说很多iOS社区已经转移到 AFNetworkingASIHTTPRequest
被放弃后。我强烈推荐它。它是NSURLConnection
的一个很好的包装器,允许异步调用,基本上你可能需要的任何东西。
7
2013年5月15日Jesse Naugher
这是iOS7 +的更新答案。它使用NSURLSession,新的热点。免责声明,这是未经测试的,并写在文本字段中:
- (void)post {
NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration] delegate:self delegateQueue:nil];
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"https://example.com/dontposthere"] cachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy timeoutInterval:60.0];
// Uncomment the following two lines if you're using JSON like I imagine many people are (the person who is asking specified plain text)
// [request addValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
// [request addValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Accept"];
[request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
NSURLSessionDataTask *postDataTask = [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
NSString *responseString = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
}];
[postDataTask resume];
}
-(void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session didReceiveChallenge:(NSURLAuthenticationChallenge *)challenge completionHandler:(void (^)( NSURLSessionAuthChallengeDisposition disposition, NSURLCredential *credential))completionHandler {
completionHandler(NSURLSessionAuthChallengeUseCredential, [NSURLCredential credentialForTrust:challenge.protectionSpace.serverTrust]);
}
或者更好的是,使用AFNetworking 2.0+。通常我会将AFHTTPSessionManager子类化,但我将这一切都放在一个方法中以得到一个简洁的例子。
- (void)post {
AFHTTPSessionManager *manager = [[AFHTTPSessionManager alloc] initWithBaseURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"https://example.com"]];
// Many people will probably want [AFJSONRequestSerializer serializer];
manager.requestSerializer = [AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer];
// Many people will probably want [AFJSONResponseSerializer serializer];
manager.responseSerializer = [AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer];
manager.securityPolicy.allowInvalidCertificates = NO; // Some servers require this to be YES, but default is NO.
[manager.requestSerializer setAuthorizationHeaderFieldWithUsername:@"username" password:@"password"];
[[manager POST:@"dontposthere" parameters:nil success:^(NSURLSessionDataTask *task, id responseObject) {
NSString *responseString = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:responseObject encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
} failure:^(NSURLSessionDataTask *task, NSError *error) {
NSLog(@"darn it");
}] resume];
}
如果您使用的是JSON响应序列化程序,则responseObject将是JSON响应中的对象(通常是NSDictionary或NSArray)。
6
2015年3月25日Kyle Robson
注意:Pure Swift 3(Xcode 8)示例: 请尝试以下示例代码。这是dataTask
的URLSession
函数的简单示例。
func simpleDataRequest() {
//Get the url from url string
let url:URL = URL(string: "YOUR URL STRING")!
//Get the session instance
let session = URLSession.shared
//Create Mutable url request
var request = URLRequest(url: url as URL)
//Set the http method type
request.httpMethod = "POST"
//Set the cache policy
request.cachePolicy = URLRequest.CachePolicy.reloadIgnoringCacheData
//Post parameter
let paramString = "key=value"
//Set the post param as the request body
request.httpBody = paramString.data(using: String.Encoding.utf8)
let task = session.dataTask(with: request as URLRequest) {
(data, response, error) in
guard let _:Data = data as Data?, let _:URLResponse = response , error == nil else {
//Oops! Error occured.
print("error")
return
}
//Get the raw response string
let dataString = String(data: data!, encoding: String.Encoding(rawValue: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue))
//Print the response
print(dataString!)
}
//resume the task
task.resume()
}
1
2016年10月20日Dinesh
Xcode 8和Swift 3.0
使用URLSession:
let url = URL(string:"Download URL")!
let req = NSMutableURLRequest(url:url)
let config = URLSessionConfiguration.default
let session = URLSession(configuration: config, delegate: self, delegateQueue: OperationQueue.main)
let task : URLSessionDownloadTask = session.downloadTask(with: req as URLRequest)
task.resume()
URLSession委托调用:
func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, task: URLSessionTask, didCompleteWithError error: Error?) {
}
func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, downloadTask: URLSessionDownloadTask,
didWriteData bytesWritten: Int64, totalBytesWritten writ: Int64, totalBytesExpectedToWrite exp: Int64) {
print("downloaded \(100*writ/exp)" as AnyObject)
}
func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, downloadTask: URLSessionDownloadTask, didFinishDownloadingTo location: URL){
}
使用块GET/POST/PUT/DELETE:
let request = NSMutableURLRequest(url: URL(string: "Your API URL here" ,param: param))!,
cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy,
timeoutInterval:"Your request timeout time in Seconds")
request.httpMethod = "GET"
request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers as? [String : String]
let session = URLSession.shared
let dataTask = session.dataTask(with: request as URLRequest) {data,response,error in
let httpResponse = response as? HTTPURLResponse
if (error != nil) {
print(error)
} else {
print(httpResponse)
}
DispatchQueue.main.async {
//Update your UI here
}
}
dataTask.resume()
对我来说工作正常..试试100%结果保证
0
2017年5月19日Saumil Shah
以下是使用NSURLSession的POST HTTP请求如何适用于iOS 8+:
- (void)call_PostNetworkingAPI:(NSURL *)url withCompletionBlock:(void(^)(id object,NSError *error,NSURLResponse *response))completion
{
NSURLSessionConfiguration *config = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
config.requestCachePolicy = NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringLocalCacheData;
config.URLCache = nil;
config.timeoutIntervalForRequest = 5.0f;
config.timeoutIntervalForResource =10.0f;
NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:config delegate:nil delegateQueue:nil];
NSMutableURLRequest *Req=[NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
[Req setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [session dataTaskWithRequest:Req completionHandler:^(NSData * _Nullable data, NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {
if (error == nil) {
NSDictionary *dict = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:nil];
if (dict != nil) {
completion(dict,error,response);
}
}else
{
completion(nil,error,response);
}
}];
[task resume];
}
希望这将满足您的以下要求。