getservbyname & getservbyport

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-11 21:52:56 发布

Chen_Hulk

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-11 21:52:56 发布

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分类专栏： unix网络通信-套接字

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u010034085/article/details/103500213

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1. getservbyname

服务（指HTTP/SSH/TELNET这类协议）也是依赖于名字来认知，将名字和端口号的映射关系保存在一个文件中，那么即使端口号发生变化，我们也能找到相应的映射关系。

getservbyname函数根据给定的名字查找相应的服务。

其关系保存在：

toney@sw2:/etc$ cat services 
# Network services, Internet style
#
# Note that it is presently the policy of IANA to assign a single well-known
# port number for both TCP and UDP; hence, officially ports have two entries
# even if the protocol doesn't support UDP operations.
#
# Updated from http://www.iana.org/assignments/port-numbers and other
# sources like http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/etc/services .
# New ports will be added on request if they have been officially assigned
# by IANA and used in the real-world or are needed by a debian package.
# If you need a huge list of used numbers please install the nmap package.

tcpmux          1/tcp                           # TCP port service multiplexer
echo            7/tcp
echo            7/udp
discard         9/tcp           sink null
discard         9/udp           sink null
systat          11/tcp          users
daytime         13/tcp
daytime         13/udp

 函数定义：

函数使用：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<netdb.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<string.h>


int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
	char **list_p;
	struct servent *serv_info = NULL;
	serv_info = getservbyname("http","tcp");
	//serv_info = getservbyname("ftp","tcp");
	//serv_info = getservbyname("domain","udp");
	if (serv_info != NULL)
	{
		printf("offical name:%s\n",serv_info->s_name);//打印 正式名	
		printf("port: %d\n",ntohs(serv_info->s_port));   // 打印端口
		printf("protocol:%s\n",serv_info->s_proto);       //打印协议
		
		if(*(serv_info->s_aliases))
		{
			printf("alias:\n");
			for(list_p = serv_info->s_aliases;*list_p != NULL;list_p++)
				printf("\t%s\n",*list_p);           //二重指针，打印多个别名
		}
	}
	
	return;
}

函数结果：

toney@sw2:~/study/network$ gcc getservbyname.c 
toney@sw2:~/study/network$ ./a.out 
offical name:http
port: 80
protocol:tcp
alias:
        www
toney@sw2:~/study/network$

2. getservbyport

用于根据端口号和可选协议查找相应服务。

函数定义：

函数使用：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<netdb.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<string.h>


int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
	char **list_p;
	struct servent *serv_info = NULL;
	serv_info = getservbyport(htons(80),"tcp");
	//serv_info = getservbyport(htons(22),"tcp");
	//serv_info = getservbyport(htons(21),"tcp");
	//serv_info = getservbyport(htons(53),"udp");
	if (serv_info != NULL)
	{
		printf("offical name:%s\n",serv_info->s_name);	
		printf("port: %d\n",ntohs(serv_info->s_port));
		printf("protocol:%s\n",serv_info->s_proto);
		
		if(*(serv_info->s_aliases))
		{
			printf("alias:\n");
			for(list_p = serv_info->s_aliases;*list_p != NULL;list_p++)
				printf("\t%s\n",*list_p);
		}
	}
	
	return;
	
}

函数结果：

toney@sw2:~/study/network$ gcc getservbyport.c 
toney@sw2:~/study/network$ ./a.out 
offical name:http
port: 80
protocol:tcp
alias:
        www
toney@sw2:~/study/network$