【Leetcode】Letter Combinations of a Phone Number

Given a digit string, return all possible letter combinations that the number could represent.

A mapping of digit to letters (just like on the telephone buttons) is given below.

Input:Digit string "23"
Output: ["ad", "ae", "af", "bd", "be", "bf", "cd", "ce", "cf"].

Note:
Although the above answer is in lexicographical order, your answer could be in any order you want.

题意：根据输入的字符串，返回其各个字符对应手机上的字符组合。

这题关键的点主要有：

1）当输入为空字符串，则输出的vector也要包含一个空字符串。

2）输入的字符范围介于'2'--'9'之间，假设输入字符串长度为n，则要新建一个长度为n+1的字符串，并将其第n+1位置为'\0'，然后将其1至n位按对应的字符插入即可，此处用到了递归调用的过程。

class Solution {
public:
    vector<string> letterCombinations(string digits) {
        // IMPORTANT: Please reset any member data you declared, as
        // the same Solution instance will be reused for each test case.
        vector<string> res;
        if(digits=="")
        {   
            res.push_back("");
            return res;
        }
        int length=digits.size();
        char *letter=new char[length+1];
        letter[length]='\0';
        combination(res,digits,letter,0,length);
        return res;
    }
    
    void combination(vector<string> &res,string digits,char *letter,int index,int length)
    {
        if(index==length)
            res.push_back(letter);
        switch(digits[index])
        {
            case '2':
                for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
                {
                    letter[index]='a'+i;
                    combination(res,digits,letter,index+1,length);
                }
                break;
            case '3':
                for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
                {
                    letter[index]='d'+i;
                    combination(res,digits,letter,index+1,length);
                }
                break;
            case '4':
                for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
                {
                    letter[index]='g'+i;
                    combination(res,digits,letter,index+1,length);
                }
                break;
            case '5':
                for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
                {
                    letter[index]='j'+i;
                    combination(res,digits,letter,index+1,length);
                }
                break;
            case '6':
                for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
                {
                    letter[index]='m'+i;
                    combination(res,digits,letter,index+1,length);
                }
                break;
            case '7':
                for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
                {
                    letter[index]='p'+i;
                    combination(res,digits,letter,index+1,length);
                }
                break;
            case '8':
                for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
                {
                    letter[index]='t'+i;
                    combination(res,digits,letter,index+1,length);
                }
                break;
            case '9':
                for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
                {
                    letter[index]='w'+i;
                    combination(res,digits,letter,index+1,length);
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
};