本文介绍了地质时间尺度(GTS)，这是一种用于将地层与时间关联的测量系统，被地球科学家们广泛使用来描述地球历史上发生的事件及其时间关系。文章详细阐述了GTS如何通过不同的地层单位来划分地球历史，并解释了这些单位是如何根据岩石层的变化及重大地质或古生物学事件（如大规模灭绝）来界定的。
The geologic time scale (GTS) is a system of chronological measurement that relates stratigraphy to time, and is used by geologists, paleontologists, and otherearth scientists to describe the timing and relationships between events that have occurred throughout Earth's history. The table of geologic time spans presented here agrees with the dates and nomenclature set forth by the International Commission on Stratigraphy standard color codes of the International Commission on Stratigraphy.
Evidence from radiometric dating indicates that the Earth is about 4.54 billion years old. The geology or deep time of Earth's past has been organized into various units according to events which took place in each period. Different spans of time on the GTS are usually delimited by changes in the composition of strata which correspond to them, indicating major geological or paleontological events, such asmass extinctions. For example, the boundary between the Cretaceous period and thePaleogene period is defined by the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, which marked the demise of the dinosaurs and many other groups of life. Older time spans which predate the reliable fossil record (before the Proterozoic Eon) are defined by the absolute age.
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