初识webservice

webservice是一个可在不同语言之间传递数据的web应用程序，它可基于xml标准约定双方通信协议数据，以下介绍的webservice通信方式是soap【简单对象访问协议Simple Object Access Protocol】，采用的xml标准是wsdl协议【即生成wsdl格式文件】，它会将用户提供的接口【包括接口参数列表，返回类型，接口名称，xml namespace，soap namespace等，最下面有我复制的wsdl文件内容例子】
跨语言性：php本身自带的soap模块【需要将php.ini配置文件中的 extension=php_soap.dll前面的分号去掉，在这里分号为注释符号】可实现对基于soap的webservice接口进行访问获取数据，如的C#代码生成的webservice也可使用php代码调用：

$soap = new SoapClient('http://localhost:2657/WebService.asmx?wsdl');
$result = $soap->__call('HelloWorld',array());
var_dump($result);

打印结果为：

<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">object(stdClass)#2 (1) { ["HelloWorldResult"]=> string(11) "Hello World" }</span>

请求的接口代码1【C#】

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;

namespace testForWebService
{
    /// <summary>
    /// WebService 的摘要说明
    /// </summary>
    [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
    [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
    [System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(false)]
    // 若要允许使用 ASP.NET AJAX 从脚本中调用此 Web 服务，请取消注释以下行。 
    // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
    public class WebService : System.Web.Services.WebService
    {

        [WebMethod]
        public string HelloWorld()
        {
            return "Hello World";
        }
    }
}

生成wsdl文件内容

<wsdl:definitions xmlns:tm="http://microsoft.com/wsdl/mime/textMatching/" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:mime="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/mime/" xmlns:tns="http://tempuri.org/"xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap12/" xmlns:http="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/http/"xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/">
<wsdl:types>
<s:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/">
<s:element name="HelloWorld">
<s:complexType/>
</s:element>
<s:element name="HelloWorldResponse">
<s:complexType>
<s:sequence>
<s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="HelloWorldResult" type="s:string"/>
</s:sequence>
</s:complexType>
</s:element>
</s:schema>
</wsdl:types>
<wsdl:message name="HelloWorldSoapIn">
<wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:HelloWorld"/>
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="HelloWorldSoapOut">
<wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:HelloWorldResponse"/>
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:portType name="WebServiceSoap">
<wsdl:operation name="HelloWorld">
<wsdl:input message="tns:HelloWorldSoapIn"/>
<wsdl:output message="tns:HelloWorldSoapOut"/>
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:portType>
<wsdl:binding name="WebServiceSoap" type="tns:WebServiceSoap">
<soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
<wsdl:operation name="HelloWorld">
<soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/HelloWorld" style="document"/>
<wsdl:input>
<soap:body use="literal"/>
</wsdl:input>
<wsdl:output>
<soap:body use="literal"/>
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:binding>
<wsdl:binding name="WebServiceSoap12" type="tns:WebServiceSoap">
<soap12:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
<wsdl:operation name="HelloWorld">
<soap12:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/HelloWorld" style="document"/>
<wsdl:input>
<soap12:body use="literal"/>
</wsdl:input>
<wsdl:output>
<soap12:body use="literal"/>
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:binding>
<wsdl:service name="WebService">
<wsdl:port name="WebServiceSoap" binding="tns:WebServiceSoap">
<soap:address location="http://localhost:2657/WebService.asmx"/>
</wsdl:port>
<wsdl:port name="WebServiceSoap12" binding="tns:WebServiceSoap12">
<soap12:address location="http://localhost:2657/WebService.asmx"/>
</wsdl:port>
</wsdl:service>
</wsdl:definitions>