关于JAVA、 JAVA Web项目导入数据库驱动包的问题

原文：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_82312838010186ik.html

初学JAVA，很多都不懂，开始听老师说导入数据库驱动包的时候是：

<span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 18px; font-size: 12px;">右键项目 -> Properties -> Java Build Path -> 右侧选项卡选择Libraries -> Add JARs...”</span>

但看书、视频导入的时候是：

<span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 18px; font-size: 12px;">驱动程序包复制粘贴到“Web项目\WEB-INF\lib”文件夹下</span>

平时练习的时候，也有留心，但是一直通过第一种方式导入，好像两个都有，但是一次偶然的机会，又发现并非完全是这样。因此在网上查了一下，得到的结果是：

<span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 18px; font-size: 12px;">导入jdbc驱动程序包其实有很多种方法，但是不同的导包方式有不同的含义，
1、给Tomcat导包（表示服务器可能要用到数据库，例如数据源），如果是MyEclipse集成Tomcat，显然是要用“右键项目 -> Properties -> Java Build Path -> 右侧选项卡选择Libraries -> Add JARs...”。如果是非集成Tomcat，你必须把驱动程序包复制粘贴在Tomcat根目录“common\lib”文件夹下。
2、给Web项目导包（表示Web项目需要使用到数据库），把驱动程序包复制粘贴到“Web项目\WEB-INF\lib”文件夹下。
3、给单纯Java项目导包（表示Web项目需要使用到数据库），可以使用“右键项目 -> Properties -> Java Build Path -> 右侧选项卡选择Libraries -> Add JARs...”方法，也可以使用设置classpath方法。



下面部分是从别人那拷过来的，可以借鉴一下：
<span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> <wbr>前段时间在做项目的时候，用eclipse构建的maven工程部署到tomcat下面去时，发现tomcat的web-inf下面的lib目录是空的，当时弄了好长时间，最后实在没辙了，就手动把所有的依赖拷到web-inf的lib下面去，但是每次重新部署时，eclipse自动部署又将lib目录清空，当时那叫一个郁闷，后来我看了下别人的classpath文件，发现我的classpath跟别人的不同点 <wbr></wbr></wbr></span><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<img title="点击查看原始大小图片" alt="" src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599429/92803004-b01f-38db-ad8b-804ec7c6b99e.jpg" real_src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599429/92803004-b01f-38db-ad8b-804ec7c6b99e.jpg" width="700" height="52" action-data="http%3A%2F%2Fdl.iteye.com%2Fupload%2Fattachment%2F599429%2F92803004-b01f-38db-ad8b-804ec7c6b99e.jpg" action-type="show-slide" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; max-width: 100%;" /><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<img title="点击查看原始大小图片" alt="" src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599431/0f217b6d-6961-3f26-850f-72cbfa3cc215.jpg" real_src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599431/0f217b6d-6961-3f26-850f-72cbfa3cc215.jpg" width="700" height="114" action-data="http%3A%2F%2Fdl.iteye.com%2Fupload%2Fattachment%2F599431%2F0f217b6d-6961-3f26-850f-72cbfa3cc215.jpg" action-type="show-slide" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; max-width: 100%;" /><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">发现在加了上述attributes;标签后，能正常的部署项目，并且tomcat lib下面也有所需的jar了。 <wbr></wbr></span><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> 最近，有人问为什么我的jdbc驱动能在main方法里正常访问数据库，当我部署到tomcat下面时候，老是报ClassNotFoundException,提示找不到驱动类，远程连了一下，发现他的tomcat web-inf下面的没有mysql驱动包，但是他在工程里却是以exteneral jar的形式添加到了classpath下面，当部署时候tomcat下面却没有jar，当时第一感觉是classpath出问题了，倒腾了好长时间，最后终于解决了，先把解决方案详述如下（注：本人用的eclipse版本是eclipse jee 3.7（indigo），tomcat 6.0.29）： <wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></span><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<img title="点击查看原始大小图片" alt="" src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599459/fe14c37c-3d3a-32d7-9d81-b9bb0f4a3ec0.jpg" real_src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599459/fe14c37c-3d3a-32d7-9d81-b9bb0f4a3ec0.jpg" width="700" height="351" action-data="http%3A%2F%2Fdl.iteye.com%2Fupload%2Fattachment%2F599459%2Ffe14c37c-3d3a-32d7-9d81-b9bb0f4a3ec0.jpg" action-type="show-slide" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; max-width: 100%;" /><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<img alt="" src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599445/8a3634a2-cb96-3ac3-9aca-6f3b8f57b62f.jpg" real_src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599445/8a3634a2-cb96-3ac3-9aca-6f3b8f57b62f.jpg" title="关于JAVA、 <wbr>JAVA <wbr>Web项目导入数据库驱动包的问题" action-data="http%3A%2F%2Fdl.iteye.com%2Fupload%2Fattachment%2F599445%2F8a3634a2-cb96-3ac3-9aca-6f3b8f57b62f.jpg" action-type="show-slide" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" /><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> <wbr></wbr></span><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">eclipse配置的tomcat默认发布项目不会部署到tomcat的安装目录去，而是在你的workspace目录下面的\.metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp0\wtpwebapps这个文件夹下，这也就是为什么有人会问为什么我明明项目部署成功了，可是我去tomcat下的webapp下面却没有我刚刚发布的项目，其实休该一下配置，当然，在改之前，你的先将tomcat下面自己部署的项目删除，(tomcat自带的几个doc，root之类的不用删)，双击server下的tomcat，会弹出tomcat的配置，如上图，在此，我们选择第二项 <wbr></wbr></span><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<img alt="" src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599451/0c900c9c-4ed3-3a7a-9a0f-5b4b7483b519.jpg" real_src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599451/0c900c9c-4ed3-3a7a-9a0f-5b4b7483b519.jpg" title="关于JAVA、 <wbr>JAVA <wbr>Web项目导入数据库驱动包的问题" action-data="http%3A%2F%2Fdl.iteye.com%2Fupload%2Fattachment%2F599451%2F0c900c9c-4ed3-3a7a-9a0f-5b4b7483b519.jpg" action-type="show-slide" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" /><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> <wbr></wbr></span><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<img alt="" src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599453/44d7e564-029f-3414-96cd-9182dcc470ad.jpg" real_src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599453/44d7e564-029f-3414-96cd-9182dcc470ad.jpg" title="关于JAVA、 <wbr>JAVA <wbr>Web项目导入数据库驱动包的问题" action-data="http%3A%2F%2Fdl.iteye.com%2Fupload%2Fattachment%2F599453%2F44d7e564-029f-3414-96cd-9182dcc470ad.jpg" action-type="show-slide" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" /><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> <wbr></wbr></span><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">将wtpwebapps改为tomcat默认的webapps，保存，这样当你在部署项目的时候项目就会自动部署到tomcat安装目录下的webapps下面去了，现在回到发布项目时候tomcat web-inf lib目录为空的情况，右键点击工程，属性(properties),选择deployment assembly选项，单击add按钮，如下图： <wbr></wbr></span><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<img alt="" src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599455/29e383c4-f71c-3727-9f2c-f10f3cb55a69.jpg" real_src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599455/29e383c4-f71c-3727-9f2c-f10f3cb55a69.jpg" title="关于JAVA、 <wbr>JAVA <wbr>Web项目导入数据库驱动包的问题" action-data="http%3A%2F%2Fdl.iteye.com%2Fupload%2Fattachment%2F599455%2F29e383c4-f71c-3727-9f2c-f10f3cb55a69.jpg" action-type="show-slide" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" /><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> <wbr></wbr></span><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">在弹出的对话框选择java build path entries <wbr></wbr></span><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">next后会出现你加的external jar包 <wbr></wbr></span><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<img alt="" src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599457/c19a514d-8b90-3c86-86da-2446c69c85c1.jpg" real_src="http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/599457/c19a514d-8b90-3c86-86da-2446c69c85c1.jpg" title="关于JAVA、 <wbr>JAVA <wbr>Web项目导入数据库驱动包的问题" action-data="http%3A%2F%2Fdl.iteye.com%2Fupload%2Fattachment%2F599457%2Fc19a514d-8b90-3c86-86da-2446c69c85c1.jpg" action-type="show-slide" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" /><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> <wbr></wbr></span><br style="line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" />
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<span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 25px; font-family: Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">finish完成以后在启动tomcat，去webapp下面验证看看jar包是否随工程一起部署。 <wbr></wbr></span>
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