《笨办法学python》（《learn python the hard way 3thrd》）习题48（ex48）的代码实现

lexicon.py的代码如下：

#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-

#预定单词词汇表
directions = ('north', 'south', 'east', 'west', 'down', 'up', 'left', 'right', 'back')
verbs = ('go', 'stop', 'kill', 'eat')
stops = ('the', 'in', 'of', 'from', 'at', 'it')
nouns = ('door', 'bear', 'princess', 'cabinet')
#扫描器
def scan(stuff):
    #断句
    words = stuff.split()
    #创建一个空列表
    sentence = []
    #循环判断每个单词，并给每个单词添加记号
    #最后，返回由记号和单词组成的列表
    for word in words:
        if word in directions:
            sentence.append(('direction', word))
        elif word in verbs:
            sentence.append(('verb', word))
        elif word in stops:
            sentence.append(('stop', word))
        elif word in nouns:
            sentence.append(('noun', word))
        else:
            try:
                sentence.append(('number', int(word)))
            except ValueError:
                sentence.append(('error', word))

    return sentence

测试用例的代码如下（原书提供）：

from nose.tools import *
from ex48 import lexicon

def test_directions():
    assert_equal(lexicon.scan("north"), [('direction', 'north')])
    result = lexicon.scan("north south east")
    assert_equal(result, [('direction', 'north'), ('direction', 'south'), ('direction', 'east')])

def test_verbs():
    assert_equal(lexicon.scan("go"), [('verb', 'go')])
    result = lexicon.scan("go kill eat")
    assert_equal(result, [('verb', 'go'), ('verb', 'kill'), ('verb', 'eat')])

def test_stops():
    assert_equal(lexicon.scan("the"), [('stop', 'the')])
    result = lexicon.scan("the in of")
    assert_equal(result, [('stop', 'the'), ('stop', 'in'), ('stop', 'of')])

def test_nouns():
    assert_equal(lexicon.scan("bear"), [('noun', 'bear')])
    result = lexicon.scan("bear princess")
    assert_equal(result, [('noun', 'bear'), ('noun', 'princess')])

def test_numbers():
    assert_equal(lexicon.scan("1234"), [('number', 1234)])
    result = lexicon.scan("3 91234")
    assert_equal(result, [('number', 3), ('number', 91234)])

def test_errors():
    assert_equal(lexicon.scan("ASDFADFASDF"), [('error', 'ASDFADFASDF')])
    result = lexicon.scan("bear IAS princess")
    assert_equal(result, [('noun', 'bear'), ('error', 'IAS'), ('noun', 'princess')])

测试结果如下：

脚本测试如下

print scan("go north")
print scan("kill the princess")
print scan("eat the bear")
print scan("open the door and smack the bear in the nose")

输出结果与ex49一致

python真的是太有魅力了，如果用别的语言估计早就远远超过现在的代码量了。