python sorted 模拟数据库现实多字段多列多重升序降序排序

python 对list表嵌套dict，list,tuple进行多列排序，实现模拟数据库进行简单的多列，多字段排序，考虑了none值，字段空缺，下表超出等异常情况.

def multi_sorted(data_list, sort_config):
    '''
    多字段排序
    :param data_list:
    :param args: 为空的话，不排序
    args=[
        ("field1",1),升序
        ("field2",-1),降序
        ("field3",1),
    ]
    :return:
    '''
    from functools import cmp_to_key
    
    def _comp_fn(a, b, sort_config):
        # if not args: return 0
        for i in sort_config:
            k = i[0]
            n = i[1]
            if isinstance(a, dict):
                va = a.get(k, None)
                vb = b.get(k, None)
            elif isinstance(a, tuple) or isinstance(a, list):
                lena = len(a)
                lenb = len(b)
                va = a[k] if k < lena else None
                vb = b[k] if k < lenb else None
            else:
                va = a
                vb = b
            if va != vb:
                if va is None:
                    return n * -1
                if vb is None:
                    return n
                return (va - vb) * n

        return 0


    # return sorted(data_list, cmp=lambda a, b: _comp_fn(a, b, sort_config)) 只适用python2，python3移除了cmp参数
    return sorted(data_list, key=cmp_to_key(lambda a, b: _comp_fn(a, b, sort_config)))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    ll = [
        {
            "a": None,
            "b": 1,
            "c": 11,
        },
        {
            "a": None,
            "b": 12,
            "c": 13,
            "d": 4,
        },
        {
            "a": None,
            "b": 12,
            "c": 13,
        },
    ]
    args = [
        ("a", 1),  # 升序
        ("b", -1),  # 降序
        ("d", 1),  # 升序
        ("e", -1),  # 降序
    ]
    lll = [
        (1, 2),
        (3, 4),
        (3, 4, 11),
    ]
    args2 = [
        (2, -1), # 下标2 降序
    ]
    # 嵌套字典
    print(multi_sorted(ll, args));
    # 嵌套元组
    print(multi_sorted(lll, args2));
    # 输出
    # [{'a': None, 'c': 13, 'b': 12}, {'a': None, 'c': 13, 'b': 12, 'd': 4}, {'a': 1, 'c': 11, 'b': 1, 'e': 'xx'}]
    # [(3, 4, 11), (1, 2), (3, 4)]

 

 

另外一种方法

 

    print(sorted(ll, key=lambda tm: (tm["a"], -tm["b"])))
    # [{'a': None, 'c': 13, 'b': 12, 'd': 4}, {'a': None, 'c': 13, 'b': 12}, {'a': 1, 'c': 11, 'b': 1, 'e': 'xx'}]