浅谈Java线程状态

本文章基于JDK8版本

从官方文档看，Java线程有6种状态，分别为NEW, RUNNABLE, BLOCKED, WAITING, TIMED_WAITING, TERMINATED，在类Thread中有更详尽的对于线程状态描述，如下代码所示

/**
* A thread state.  A thread can be in one of the following states:
* <ul>
* <li>{@link #NEW}

*     A thread that has not yet started is in this state.
*     </li>
* <li>{@link #RUNNABLE}

*     A thread executing in the Java virtual machine is in this state.
*     </li>
* <li>{@link #BLOCKED}

*     A thread that is blocked waiting for a monitor lock
*     is in this state.
*     </li>
* <li>{@link #WAITING}

*     A thread that is waiting indefinitely for another thread to
*     perform a particular action is in this state.
*     </li>
* <li>{@link #TIMED_WAITING}

*     A thread that is waiting for another thread to perform an action
*     for up to a specified waiting time is in this state.
*     </li>
* <li>{@link #TERMINATED}

*     A thread that has exited is in this state.
*     </li>
* </ul>
*
* <p>
* A thread can be in only one state at a given point in time.
* These states are virtual machine states which do not reflect
* any operating system thread states.
*
* @since   1.5
* @see #getState
*/
public enum State {
    /**
     * Thread state for a thread which has not yet started.
     */
    NEW,

    /**
     * Thread state for a runnable thread.  A thread in the runnable
     * state is executing in the Java virtual machine but it may
     * be waiting for other resources from the operating system
     * such as processor.
     */
    RUNNABLE,

    /**
     * Thread state for a thread blocked waiting for a monitor lock.
     * A thread in the blocked state is waiting for a monitor lock
     * to enter a synchronized block/method or
     * reenter a synchronized block/method after calling
     * {@link Object#wait() Object.wait}.
     */
    BLOCKED,

    /**
     * Thread state for a waiting thread.
     * A thread is in the waiting state due to calling one of the
     * following methods:
     * <ul>
     *   <li>{@link Object#wait() Object.wait} with no timeout</li>
     *   <li>{@link #join() Thread.join} with no timeout</li>
     *   <li>{@link LockSupport#park() LockSupport.park}</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * <p>A thread in the waiting state is waiting for another thread to
     * perform a particular action.
     *
     * For example, a thread that has called <tt>Object.wait()</tt>
     * on an object is waiting for another thread to call
     * <tt>Object.notify()</tt> or <tt>Object.notifyAll()</tt> on
     * that object. A thread that has called <tt>Thread.join()</tt>
     * is waiting for a specified thread to terminate.
     */
    WAITING,

    /**
     * Thread state for a waiting thread with a specified waiting time.
     * A thread is in the timed waiting state due to calling one of
     * the following methods with a specified positive waiting time:
     * <ul>
     *   <li>{@link #sleep Thread.sleep}</li>
     *   <li>{@link Object#wait(long) Object.wait} with timeout</li>
     *   <li>{@link #join(long) Thread.join} with timeout</li>
     *   <li>{@link LockSupport#parkNanos LockSupport.parkNanos}</li>
     *   <li>{@link LockSupport#parkUntil LockSupport.parkUntil}</li>
     * </ul>
     */
    TIMED_WAITING