7.3-rpm工具用法

rpm 包

选项	含义
-i	表示安装
-v	表示可视化
-h	表示显示安装进度

rpm包安装

[root@evan-01 ~]# cd  /mnt/Packages/
[root@evan-01 Packages]# ll
...（省略很多内容）
-rw-rw-r--. 2 root root   266160 Nov 21  2016 zip-3.0-11.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-rw-r--. 3 root root    91872 Nov 21  2016 zlib-1.2.7-17.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-rw-r--. 2 root root    51044 Nov 21  2016 zlib-devel-1.2.7-17.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-rw-r--. 2 root root  2494444 Aug 11  2017 zsh-5.0.2-28.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-rw-r--. 2 root root    83176 Jul  4  2014 zziplib-0.13.62-5.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@evan-01 Packages]# rpm -ivh zziplib-0.13.62-5.el7.x86_64.rpm
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:zziplib-0.13.62-5.el7            ################################# [100%]
[root@evan-01 Packages]# 

rpm包升级

[root@evan-01 Packages]# rpm -Uvh zziplib-0.13.62-5.el7.x86_64.rpm
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
        package zziplib-0.13.62-5.el7.x86_64 is already installed
[root@evan-01 Packages]# 

rpm 包卸载
卸载的时候 -e 后面只写包的名字就行了，卸载后，什么都不显示，是正常的

[root@evan-01 Packages]# rpm -e zziplib
[root@evan-01 Packages]# 

查询已安装的包

[root@evan-01 Packages]# rpm -qa
...（省略很多内容）
cronie-1.4.11-17.el7.x86_64
grub2-tools-minimal-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64
libpciaccess-0.13.4-3.el7_3.x86_64
plymouth-scripts-0.8.9-0.28.20140113.el7.centos.x86_64
pciutils-3.5.1-2.el7.x86_64
grub2-pc-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64
lvm2-libs-2.02.171-8.el7.x86_64
dracut-network-033-502.el7.x86_64
net-tools-2.0-0.22.20131004git.el7.x86_64
alsa-firmware-1.0.28-2.el7.noarch
libdnet-1.12-13.1.el7.x86_64
[root@evan-01 Packages]#

查询某个包是否安装

[root@evan-01 Packages]# rpm -q dhclient
dhclient-4.2.5-58.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@evan-01 Packages]# 

随便编一个查询下

[root@evan-01 Packages]# rpm -q hahaha666
package hahaha666 is not installed
[root@evan-01 Packages]# 

查看已安装包的相关信息

[root@evan-01 Packages]# rpm -qi dhclient
Name        : dhclient
Epoch       : 12
Version     : 4.2.5
Release     : 58.el7.centos
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Thu 08 Aug 2019 06:32:15 PM CST
Group       : System Environment/Base
Size        : 483094
License     : ISC
Signature   : RSA/SHA256, Thu 10 Aug 2017 11:36:17 PM CST, Key ID 24c6a8a7f4a80eb5
Source RPM  : dhcp-4.2.5-58.el7.centos.src.rpm
Build Date  : Fri 04 Aug 2017 02:07:15 PM CST
Build Host  : c1bm.rdu2.centos.org
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager    : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>
Vendor      : CentOS
URL         : http://isc.org/products/DHCP/
Summary     : Provides the ISC DHCP client daemon and dhclient-script
Description :
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a protocol which allows
individual devices on an IP network to get their own network
configuration information (IP address, subnetmask, broadcast address,
etc.) from a DHCP server. The overall purpose of DHCP is to make it
easier to administer a large network.

To use DHCP on your network, install a DHCP service (or relay agent),
and on clients run a DHCP client daemon.  The dhclient package
provides the ISC DHCP client daemon.
[root@evan-01 Packages]# 

列出包的安装文件

[root@evan-01 Packages]# rpm -ql dhclient
/etc/NetworkManager
/etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d
/etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/11-dhclient
/etc/dhcp/dhclient-exit-hooks.d
/etc/dhcp/dhclient-exit-hooks.d/azure-cloud.sh
/etc/dhcp/dhclient.d
/usr/lib64/pm-utils/sleep.d/56dhclient
/usr/sbin/dhclient
/usr/sbin/dhclient-script
/usr/share/doc/dhclient-4.2.5
/usr/share/doc/dhclient-4.2.5/README.dhclient.d
/usr/share/doc/dhclient-4.2.5/dhclient.conf.example
/usr/share/doc/dhclient-4.2.5/dhclient6.conf.example
/usr/share/man/man5/dhclient.conf.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/dhclient.leases.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/dhclient-script.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/dhclient.8.gz
/var/lib/dhclient
[root@evan-01 Packages]#

查看一个命令是由哪个包安装的

[root@evan-01 Packages]# rpm -qf /var/lib/dhclient
dhclient-4.2.5-58.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@evan-01 Packages]#

拓展：``号的用法

[root@evan-01 Packages]# which cd
/usr/bin/cd
[root@evan-01 Packages]# rpm -qf `which cd`
bash-4.2.46-28.el7.x86_64
[root@evan-01 Packages]#

等同于

[root@evan-01 Packages]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/cd
bash-4.2.46-28.el7.x86_64
[root@evan-01 Packages]#