C++实现根据字符串创建对象

#ifndef TEMPLATE_H_H
#define TEMPLATE_H_H

#include <iostream>
#include <functional>
#include <string>
#include <map>

class Base {
public:
    virtual void testFunction() {
        std::cout << "Base::testFunction" << std::endl;
    }
};

class Child : public Base {
public:
    virtual void testFunction() override {
        std::cout << "Child::testFunction" << std::endl;
    }
};

using CreateClassObjectFunc = std::function<Base*()>;

class ClassFactory
{
public:
    ~ClassFactory() {
        classMap_.clear();
    }

public:
    bool registerClass(const std::string& name, CreateClassObjectFunc func)
    {
        if (classMap_.find(name) == classMap_.end()) {
            classMap_.emplace(name, func);
        }
        else {
            classMap_[name] = func;
        }

        return true;
    }

    Base* createObject(const std::string& name)
    {
        auto iter = classMap_.find(name);
        if ( iter == classMap_.end()) {
            return nullptr;
        }

        return iter->second();
    }

    static ClassFactory* Instance() {
        static ClassFactory obj;
        return &obj;
    }

protected:
    ClassFactory() = default;

private:
    std::map<std::string, CreateClassObjectFunc> classMap_;
};

#define REGISTER_CLASS(ClassName) \
    extern bool ret##ClassName;


/**
 * .cpp
 * #undef REGISTER_CLASS
 * #define REGISTER_CLASS(ClassName) \
 *   bool ret##ClassName = ClassFactory::Instance()->registerClass(#ClassName, []()->CMessageMsg* { \
 *       return new ClassName; \
 *   });
 *
 * REGISTER_CLASS(Base)
 * REGISTER_CLASS(Child)
 */
#endif