Spring MVC 工作流程简述

SpringMVC流程如下：

在SpringMVC整个工作流程中DispatcherServlet是其中的一个重点。因此通过源码的来简单分析Spring MVC的大体流程：

protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
            ...
            // Determine handler for the current request.
            mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
            ...
            // Determine handler adapter for the current request.
            HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());
            ...
            // Actually invoke the handler.
            mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());
            ...
            processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
        ...
    }

1、当用户发起请求之后，DispatcherServlet会根据请求的信息（URL、请求头、请求参数、Cookie等）以及HandlerMapping的配置去匹配对应的Handler。以下为匹配过程中的部分源码：

// Determine handler for the current request.
                mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);

protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
            ...
            HandlerExecutionChain handler = hm.getHandler(request);
            ...
}

    @Override
    public final HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        Object handler = getHandlerInternal(request);
        ...
    }

    @Override
    protected HandlerMethod getHandlerInternal(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        String lookupPath = getUrlPathHelper().getLookupPathForRequest(request);
        ...
        HandlerMethod handlerMethod = lookupHandlerMethod(lookupPath, request);
        ...
    }

protected HandlerMethod lookupHandlerMethod(String lookupPath, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        List<Match> matches = new ArrayList<Match>();
        List<T> directPathMatches = this.mappingRegistry.getMappingsByUrl(lookupPath);
        if (directPathMatches != null) {
            addMatchingMappings(directPathMatches, matches, request);
        }
        ...
            handleMatch(bestMatch.mapping, lookupPath, request);
            return bestMatch.handlerMethod;
        ...
    }

当匹配到对应的Handler之后，DispatcherServlet会将得到的Handler告知HandlerAdapter，HandlerAdapter再根据请求去定位请求的具体处理方法是哪一个。

// Determine handler adapter for the current request.
                HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());

Handler完成对用户请求的处理后，将返回一个ModelAndView对象给DispatcherServlet

// Actually invoke the handler.
mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

此时ModelAndView的视图是逻辑视图，DispatcherServlet还要借助ViewResolver完成视图的解析。即逻辑视图解析为真实视图对象。

processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);

    private void processDispatchResult(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
            HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler, ModelAndView mv, Exception exception) throws Exception {

        ...
        render(mv, request, response);
        ...
    }

最后得到真正的视图对象后，DispatcherServlet利用视图对象对模型数据进行渲染。并将响应返回给用户。