Python setuptools.Extension生成pyd之*.def文件

在windows 上pyd文件其实本质上就是一个dll文件，本文记录一下如果通过def文件导出额外的stdcall文件。

先看完整的代码setup.py

from setuptools import setup, Extension
mod_name = "sample"
def_ = '''LIBRARY
EXPORTS
test
'''
with open(mod_name + ".def","w") as f:
  f.write(def_)

setup(name=mod_name, ext_modules=[
    Extension(
      mod_name,
      ["{}.cpp".format(mod_name)],
      include_dirs = ['..'],
      extra_link_args=['/DEF:"{}.def"'.format(mod_name)],
    )
  ]
)

sample.cpp

#include "Python.h"

int __stdcall test(){
  printf(" __stdcall test\n");
  return 1;
}

static PyObject *py_test(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
  printf(" py test\n");
  return Py_BuildValue("i", 233);
}
static PyMethodDef SampleMethods[] = {
  {"test",  py_test, METH_VARARGS, "Greatest common divisor"},
  { NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
};

static struct PyModuleDef samplemodule = {
  PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
  "sample",           /* name of module */
  "A sample module",  /* Doc string (may be NULL) */
  -1,                 /* Size of per-interpreter state or -1 */
  SampleMethods       /* Method table */
};

PyMODINIT_FUNC
PyInit_sample(void) {
  return PyModule_Create(&samplemodule);
}

打包命令

python.exe setup.py install

实际执行的批处理命令

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\BIN\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /MD /W3 /GS- /DNDEBUG -I.. -IE:\Python34\include -IE:\Python34\include /Tpsample.cpp /Fobuild\temp.win32-3.4\Release\sample.obj

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\BIN\link.exe /DLL /nologo /INCREMENTAL:NO /LIBPATH:E:\Python34\libs /LIBPATH:E:\Python34\PCbuild /EXPORT:PyInit_sample build\temp.win32-3.4\Release\sample.obj /OUT:build\lib.win32-3.4\sample.pyd /IMPLIB:build\temp.win32-3.4\Release\sample.lib /MANIFESTFILE:build\temp.win32-3.4\Release\sample.pyd.manifest /DEF:"sample.def"

test_sample.py

import sample
print("返回",sample.test())

import ctypes
sp = ctypes.WinDLL(sample.__file__)
print("返回",sp.test())

输出

 py test
返回 233
 __stdcall test
返回 1