9.IO流(传智播客)

最新推荐文章于 2021-08-23 16:15:35 发布

javaer_007

最新推荐文章于 2021-08-23 16:15:35 发布

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分类专栏： Java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u010286027/article/details/102226321

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1.编码

public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
	String str = "慕课ABC";
	byte [] bytes = str.getBytes("utf-8");
	for(byte demo:bytes){
		System.out.println(Integer.toHexString(demo & 0xff));
	}
	System.out.println(new String(bytes,"utf-8"));
}

utf-8(中文占3个字节，英文占一个字节)
gbk(中文占2个字节，英文占1个字节)
utf-16be(中文和英文都占2个字节)
文本文件字节序列可以是任意编码的字节序列，如果在中文机器上直接创建文本文件，该文本文件只能识别ANSI编码。

2.File文件操作

遍历一个目录下所有目标名称

public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
	File file = new File("/Users/wenlei/Documents/workspace/app/src");
	if(file.isDirectory()){
		String[] arr = file.list();
		for(String demo:arr)
			System.out.println(demo);
	}
}

遍历一个目录下所有目标名称(指定后缀名)

public static void main(String[] args) {
	File file = new File("/Users/wenlei/Documents/workspace/app/src");	
	FilenameFilter filter = new FilenameFilter() {	
		@Override
		public boolean accept(File dir, String name) {
			File curFile = new File(dir,name);
			if(curFile.isFile()&&name.endsWith(".txt"))
				return true;
			else
				return false;
		}
	};
	
	if(file.isDirectory()){
		String[] arr = file.list(filter);
		for(String demo:arr)
			System.out.println(demo);
	}
}

递归遍历

public static void main(String[] args) {
	File file = new File("/Users/wenlei/Documents/workspace/app/src");	
	fun(file);
}
	
private static void fun(File file) {
	File[] arr = file.listFiles();
	for(File demo:arr){
		if(demo.isDirectory()){
			fun(demo);
		}
		System.out.println(demo.getName());
	}
}

遍历删除

public static void main(String[] args) {
	File file = new File("/Users/wenlei/Documents/workspace/app/src");	
	fun(file);
}
	
private static void fun(File file) {
	File[] arr = file.listFiles();
	for(File demo:arr){
		if(demo.isDirectory()){
			fun(demo);
		}
		demo.delete();
	}
	file.delete();
}

3.字节流

逐字节读取

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
	FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("/Users/steven/Documents/代码/project/javaBasic/src/test.txt");
	int b;
	while((b=in.read())!=-1){
		System.out.println(Integer.toHexString(b & 0xff));
	}
	in.close();
}

逐字节输出

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
	FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/steven/Documents/代码/project/javaBasic/src/test.txt");
	String str = "hello";
	byte [] bytes = str.getBytes();
	for(byte demo:bytes){
		out.write(demo);
	}
	out.close();
}

字节数组读取

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
	FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("/Users/steven/Documents/代码/project/javaBasic/src/test.txt");
	byte [] bytes = new byte[1024];
	int num = in.read(bytes);
	for(int i = 0;i < num;i++){
		System.out.println(bytes[i] & 0xff);
	}
	in.close();
}

字节数组输出

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
	FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/steven/Documents/代码/project/javaBasic/src/test.txt");
	String str = "hello";
	byte [] bytes = str.getBytes();
	out.write(bytes);
	out.close();
}

字节流缓冲区复制文件

public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException,IOException{
    FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("/Users/wenlei/Downloads/TestClass/src/source/test.txt");
    FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/wenlei/Downloads/TestClass/src/destination/test.txt");
    byte[] b = new byte[100];
    long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
    int num = in.read(b);
    out.write(b,0,num);
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.println("time="+(end-start));
    in.close();
    out.close();
}

字节缓冲流

public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
	BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream("/Users/wenlei/Downloads/TestClass/src/source/test.txt"));
	BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("/Users/wenlei/Downloads/TestClass/src/destination/test.txt"));
	byte[] b = new byte[100];
	long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
	int num = in.read(b);
	out.write(b,0,num);
	long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
	System.out.println("time="+(end-start));
	in.close();
	out.close();
}

4.字符流

字符输入流

public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException,IOException{
   FileReader in = new FileReader("/Users/wenlei/Downloads/TestClass/src/source/test.txt");
    int b;
    while((b=in.read())!=-1){
        System.out.println((char)b);
    }
    in.close();
}

字符输出流

public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException,IOException{
   FileReader in = new FileReader("/Users/wenlei/Downloads/TestClass/src/source/test.txt");
    int b;
    while((b=in.read())!=-1){
        System.out.println((char)b);
    }
    in.close();
}

字符缓冲流

public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException,IOException{
    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("/Users/wenlei/Downloads/TestClass/src/source/test.txt"));
    BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("/Users/wenlei/Downloads/TestClass/src/destination/test.txt"));
    String str;
    while((str = br.readLine())!=null){
        bw.write(str);
        bw.newLine();
    }
    br.close();
    bw.close();
}

字符转换流

public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException,IOException{
    FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("/Users/wenlei/Downloads/TestClass/src/source/test.txt");
    InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(in);
    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
    FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/Users/wenlei/Downloads/TestClass/src/destination/test.txt");
    OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(out);
    BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(osw);
    String str;
    while((str = br.readLine())!=null){
        bw.write(str);
    }
    br.close();
    bw.close();
}

5.序列化与反序列化

public class Student implements Serializable {
    private String name;
    private transient int age;

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }

    private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
            throws java.io.IOException {
        s.defaultWriteObject();
        s.writeInt(age);
    }

    private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
            throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        s.defaultReadObject();
        this.age = s.readInt();
    }
}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String pathname = "/Users/wenlei/Project/IdeaProjects/TestClass/src/app.txt";
//        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(pathname);
//        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(out);
//        Student s = new Student("steven",20);
//        oos.writeObject(s);
//        oos.close();
        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(pathname);
        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(in);
        Student s = (Student)ois.readObject();
        System.out.println(s.toString());
        ois.close();
    }

由transient关键字修饰的字段不尽行jvm默认的序列化，在输出时会输出对象默认初始化值，但可以进行自己的序列化与反序列化，在对象类中定义writeObject()和readObject()。
哪一层父类没有实现serializable接口，反序列化时会输出相应的构造函数。

6.RandomAccessFile

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
	String file = "test.txt";
	RandomAccessFile rf = new  RandomAccessFile(file, "rw");
	for(int i = 0;i<10;i++){
	    rf.seek(rf.length());
	    String str = "追加内容\r\n";
	    rf.write(str.getBytes());
	}
	rf.close();
}