AsyncTask源码

摘抄自：https://blog.csdn.net/singwhatiwanna/article/details/17596225

public abstract class AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> {
    private static final String LOG_TAG = "AsyncTask";
   //获取当前的cpu核心数
    private static final int CPU_COUNT = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();
    // 线程池核心容量  至少2个至多4个，希望是比cpu个数少一个
    private static final int CORE_POOL_SIZE = Math.max(2, Math.min(CPU_COUNT - 1, 4));
    //线程池最大容量
    private static final int MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE = CPU_COUNT * 2 + 1;
    //过剩的空闲线程的存活时间
    private static final int KEEP_ALIVE_SECONDS = 30;
    
   //ThreadFactory 线程工厂，通过工厂方法newThread来获取新线程
    private static final ThreadFactory sThreadFactory = new ThreadFactory() {
        private final AtomicInteger mCount = new AtomicInteger(1);

        public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
            return new Thread(r, "AsyncTask #" + mCount.getAndIncrement());
        }
    };

  //静态阻塞式队列，用来存放待执行的任务，初始容量：128个
    private static final BlockingQueue<Runnable> sPoolWorkQueue =
            new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>(128);

    /**
     * 静态并发线程池，可以用来并行执行任务，尽管从3.0开始，AsyncTask默认是串行执行任务
	 * 但是我们仍然能构造出并行的AsyncTask
     */
    public static final Executor THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR;

    static {
        ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
                CORE_POOL_SIZE, MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE, KEEP_ALIVE_SECONDS, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
                sPoolWorkQueue, sThreadFactory);
        threadPoolExecutor.allowCoreThreadTimeOut(true);
        THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR = threadPoolExecutor;
    }

/**
     * 静态串行任务执行器，其内部实现了串行控制，
	 * 循环的取出一个个任务交给上述的并发线程池去执行
     */
    public static final Executor SERIAL_EXECUTOR = new SerialExecutor();
    
	//消息类型：发送结果
   private static final int MESSAGE_POST_RESULT = 0x1;
   //消息类型：更新进度
       private static final int MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS = 0x2;

    private static volatile Executor sDefaultExecutor = SERIAL_EXECUTOR;
    private static InternalHandler sHandler;

    private final WorkerRunnable<Params, Result> mWorker;
    private final FutureTask<Result> mFuture;

    private volatile Status mStatus = Status.PENDING;
    
    private final AtomicBoolean mCancelled = new AtomicBoolean();
    private final AtomicBoolean mTaskInvoked = new AtomicBoolean();

    private final Handler mHandler;

    private static class SerialExecutor implements Executor {
        final ArrayDeque<Runnable> mTasks = new ArrayDeque<Runnable>();
        Runnable mActive;

        public synchronized void execute(final Runnable r) {
            mTasks.offer(new Runnable() {
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        r.run();
                    } finally {
                        scheduleNext();
                    }
                }
            });
            if (mActive == null) {
                scheduleNext();
            }
        }

        protected synchronized void scheduleNext() {
            if ((mActive = mTasks.poll()) != null) {
                THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR.execute(mActive);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Indicates the current status of the task. Each status will be set only once
     * during the lifetime of a task.
     */
    public enum Status {
        /**
         * 任务等待执行
         */
        PENDING,
        /**
         * 任务正在执行
         */
        RUNNING,
        /**
         * 任务已经执行结束
         */
        FINISHED,
    }
/** 隐藏API：在UI线程中调用，用来初始化Handler */
    private static Handler getMainHandler() {
        synchronized (AsyncTask.class) {
            if (sHandler == null) {
                sHandler = new InternalHandler(Looper.getMainLooper());
            }
            return sHandler;
        }
    }

    private Handler getHandler() {
        return mHandler;
    }


    public static void setDefaultExecutor(Executor exec) {
        sDefaultExecutor = exec;
    }

    public AsyncTask() {
        this((Looper) null);
    }

   
    public AsyncTask(@Nullable Handler handler) {
        this(handler != null ? handler.getLooper() : null);
    }

  
    public AsyncTask(@Nullable Looper callbackLooper) {
        mHandler = callbackLooper == null || callbackLooper == Looper.getMainLooper()
            ? getMainHandler()
            : new Handler(callbackLooper);

        mWorker = new WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() {
            public Result call() throws Exception {
                mTaskInvoked.set(true);
                Result result = null;
                try {
                    Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
                    //noinspection unchecked
                    result = doInBackground(mParams);
                    Binder.flushPendingCommands();
                } catch (Throwable tr) {
                    mCancelled.set(true);
                    throw tr;
                } finally {
                    postResult(result);
                }
                return result;
            }
        };

        mFuture = new FutureTask<Result>(mWorker) {
            @Override
            protected void done() {
                try {
                    postResultIfNotInvoked(get());
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e);
                } catch (ExecutionException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException("An error occurred while executing doInBackground()",
                            e.getCause());
                } catch (CancellationException e) {
                    postResultIfNotInvoked(null);
                }
            }
        };
    }

    private void postResultIfNotInvoked(Result result) {
        final boolean wasTaskInvoked = mTaskInvoked.get();
        if (!wasTaskInvoked) {
            postResult(result);
        }
    }
    
	//doInBackground执行完毕，发送消息
    private Result postResult(Result result) {
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        Message message = getHandler().obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_RESULT,
                new AsyncTaskResult<Result>(this, result));
        message.sendToTarget();
        return result;
    }

   /**
     * 返回任务的状态
     */
    public final Status getStatus() {
        return mStatus;
    }

  /**
	 * 这个方法是我们必须要重写的，用来做后台计算
	 * 所在线程：后台线程
     */
    @WorkerThread
    protected abstract Result doInBackground(Params... params);

    @MainThread
    protected void onPreExecute() {
    }

 /**
	 * 在doInBackground之后调用，用来接受后台计算结果更新UI
	 * 所在线程：UI线程
     */
    @SuppressWarnings({"UnusedDeclaration"})
    @MainThread
    protected void onPostExecute(Result result) {
    }

    /**
	 * 在publishProgress之后调用，用来更新计算进度
	 * 所在线程：UI线程
     */
    @SuppressWarnings({"UnusedDeclaration"})
    @MainThread
    protected void onProgressUpdate(Progress... values) {
    }
    
    /**
	 * cancel被调用并且doInBackground执行结束，会调用onCancelled，表示任务被取消
	 * 这个时候onPostExecute不会再被调用，二者是互斥的，分别表示任务取消和任务执行完成
	 * 所在线程：UI线程
     */
    @SuppressWarnings({"UnusedParameters"})
    @MainThread
    protected void onCancelled(Result result) {
        onCancelled();
    }    
    
  
    @MainThread
    protected void onCancelled() {
    }

  
    public final boolean isCancelled() {
        return mCancelled.get();
    }

    public final boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) {
        mCancelled.set(true);
        return mFuture.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning);
    }

   
    public final Result get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
        return mFuture.get();
    }

   
    public final Result get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException,
            ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
        return mFuture.get(timeout, unit);
    }

    /**
     * 这个方法如何执行和系统版本有关，在AsyncTask的使用规则里已经说明，如果你真的想使用并行AsyncTask，
	 * 也是可以的，只要稍作修改
	 * 必须在UI线程调用此方法
     */
    @MainThread
    public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> execute(Params... params) {
        return executeOnExecutor(sDefaultExecutor, params);
    }

     /**
     * 通过这个方法我们可以自定义AsyncTask的执行方式，串行or并行，甚至可以采用自己的Executor
	 * 为了实现并行，我们可以在外部这么用AsyncTask：
	 * asyncTask.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR, Params... params);
	 * 必须在UI线程调用此方法
     */
    @MainThread
    public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> executeOnExecutor(Executor exec,
            Params... params) {
        if (mStatus != Status.PENDING) {
            switch (mStatus) {
                case RUNNING:
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"
                            + " the task is already running.");
                case FINISHED:
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"
                            + " the task has already been executed "
                            + "(a task can be executed only once)");
            }
        }

        mStatus = Status.RUNNING;
        //这里#onPreExecute会最先执行
        onPreExecute();

        mWorker.mParams = params;
        //然后后台计算#doInBackground才真正开始
        exec.execute(mFuture);
                        //接着会有#onProgressUpdate被调用，最后是#onPostExecute
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * 这是AsyncTask提供的一个静态方法，方便我们直接执行一个runnable
     */
    @MainThread
    public static void execute(Runnable runnable) {
        sDefaultExecutor.execute(runnable);
    }

   /**
	 * 打印后台计算进度，onProgressUpdate会被调用
     */
    @WorkerThread
    protected final void publishProgress(Progress... values) {
        if (!isCancelled()) {
            getHandler().obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS,
                    new AsyncTaskResult<Progress>(this, values)).sendToTarget();
        }
    }
//任务结束的时候会进行判断，如果任务没有被取消，则onPostExecute会被调用
    private void finish(Result result) {
        if (isCancelled()) {
            onCancelled(result);
        } else {
            onPostExecute(result);
        }
        mStatus = Status.FINISHED;
    }
//AsyncTask内部Handler，用来发送后台计算进度更新消息和计算完成消息
    private static class InternalHandler extends Handler {
        public InternalHandler(Looper looper) {
            super(looper);
        }

        @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "RawUseOfParameterizedType"})
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            AsyncTaskResult<?> result = (AsyncTaskResult<?>) msg.obj;
            switch (msg.what) {
                case MESSAGE_POST_RESULT:
                    // There is only one result
                    result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]);
                    break;
                case MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS:
                    result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    private static abstract class WorkerRunnable<Params, Result> implements Callable<Result> {
        Params[] mParams;
    }

    @SuppressWarnings({"RawUseOfParameterizedType"})
    private static class AsyncTaskResult<Data> {
        final AsyncTask mTask;
        final Data[] mData;

        AsyncTaskResult(AsyncTask task, Data... data) {
            mTask = task;
            mData = data;
        }
    }
}