PHP数组的结构，哈希表

PHP7之前的数组结构

PHP7的数组结构

变量结构

zval

typedef struct _zval_struct zval;
struct _zval_struct {
    zend_value        value;            /* value */
    union {
        struct {
            ZEND_ENDIAN_LOHI_4(
                zend_uchar    type,            /* active type */
                zend_uchar    type_flags,
                zend_uchar    const_flags,
                zend_uchar    reserved)        /* call info for EX(This) */
        } v;
        uint32_t type_info;
    } u1;
    union {
        uint32_t     next;                 /* 当出现哈希键冲突时，冲突的值会形成一个链表，该值指向下一个 */
        uint32_t     cache_slot;           /* literal cache slot */
        uint32_t     lineno;               /* line number (for ast nodes) */
        uint32_t     num_args;             /* arguments number for EX(This) */
        uint32_t     fe_pos;               /* foreach position */
        uint32_t     fe_iter_idx;          /* foreach iterator index */
        uint32_t     access_flags;         /* class constant access flags */
        uint32_t     property_guard;       /* single property guard */
        uint32_t     extra;                /* not further specified */
    } u2;
};

zend_value

typedef union _zend_value {
    zend_long         lval;                /* long value */
    double            dval;                /* double value */
    zend_refcounted  *counted;
    zend_string      *str;
    zend_array       *arr;
    zend_object      *obj;
    zend_resource    *res;
    zend_reference   *ref;
    zend_ast_ref     *ast;
    zval             *zv;
    void             *ptr;
    zend_class_entry *ce;
    zend_function    *func;
    struct {
        uint32_t w1;
        uint32_t w2;
    } ww;
} zend_value;

字符串的结构 zend_string

typedef struct _zend_string zend_string;
struct _zend_string {
    zend_refcounted_h gc; /*gc信息*/
    zend_ulong        h;  /* hash value */
    size_t            len; /*字符串长度*/
    char              val[1]; /*字符串起始地址*/
};

数组的结构

//zend_types.h

typedef struct _Bucket {
    zval              val;
    zend_ulong        h;                /* 当元素保存在整形下标时，下标保存在该字段，并且本身充当hash值，对其取模得到哈希表的槽位  */
    zend_string      *key;              /* 当保存的key是字符串时，保存在该字段，通过某个哈希算法生成hash值保存到h字段，对h取模得到哈希表的槽位 */
} Bucket;

typedef struct _zend_array HashTable;

struct _zend_array {
    zend_refcounted_h gc;
    union {
        struct {
            ZEND_ENDIAN_LOHI_4(
                    zend_uchar    flags,
                    zend_uchar    nApplyCount,
                    zend_uchar    nIteratorsCount,
                    zend_uchar    reserve)
        } v;
        uint32_t flags;
    } u;
    uint32_t          nTableMask; //哈希值计算掩码，等于nTableSize的负值(nTableMask = ~nTableSize + 1)
    Bucket           *arData; //存储元素数组，指向第一个Bucket
    uint32_t          nNumUsed; //已用Bucket数
    uint32_t          nNumOfElements; //哈希表已有元素数
    uint32_t          nTableSize; //哈希表总大小，为2的n次方
    uint32_t          nInternalPointer;
    zend_long         nNextFreeElement; //下一个可用的数值索引,如:arr[] = 1;arr["a"] = 2;arr[] = 3;  则nNextFreeElement = 2;
    dtor_func_t       pDestructor;  //函数句柄。如果提供该值，则在删除或覆盖元素后调用此函数，用于对旧元素进行清理。
};

引用类型

typedef struct _zend_reference  zend_reference;
struct _zend_reference {
	zend_refcounted_h   gc;
	zval 		val; 		//指向原来的val
}

Redis中的哈希结构

sds（字符串）