mongoose 操作符

$currentDate

db.getCollection('test').update({name:"shi"},{ $currentDate: {createdAt: true}})          将时间类型的一个字段修改成当前时间

$push

db.students.update({ name: "joe" }, { $push: { scores: 1 } })   在scores数组末尾添加一个元素，push只能添加一个

db.students.update(
   { name: "joe" },
   { $push: { scores: { $each: [ 90, 92, 85 ] } } }
) push添加多个需要使用$each

以前还有pushAll，现在已经被push+each代替了

$addToSet

db.inventory.update(
   { _id: 2 },
   { $addToSet: { tags: "camera" } }
 )    向一个数组添加一个元素，前提是当前数组中并没有这个元素，如果有就不添加

db.inventory.update(
   { _id: 2 },
   { $addToSet: { tags: { $each: [ "camera", "electronics", "accessories" ] } } }
 )添加多个需要使用$each操作符

$expr,  $setIsSubset   目标字段是查询参数的子集

> db.product.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5d676f5f8b820718b993cd35"), "name" : 1, "vals" : [ "A", "B" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5d676fbc8b820718b993cd36"), "name" : 2, "vals" : [ "D", "C" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5d676fc98b820718b993cd37"), "name" : 3, "vals" : [ "A", "D" ] }

db.product.find( { $expr: { $setIsSubset: [ "$vals", ["A","B","D"] ] } } )   查询要求cals是["A","B","D"]的子集

结果：

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5d676f5f8b820718b993cd35"), "name" : 1, "vals" : [ "A", "B" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5d676fc98b820718b993cd37"), "name" : 3, "vals" : [ "A", "D" ] }

$where  当一个查询比较复杂的时候，没有相应的运算符，可以使用function来完成一个复杂的查询条件

db.getCollection('apis').find({$where:function() {   这个查询也是实现了被查询文档的a字段的数组是[1,2,3,4]的子集
        for (var num of this.a) {
            if(![1,2,3,4].includes(num))return false
        }
        return true;
    }})

 

$arrayElemAt        返回数组指定位置的元素

{ $arrayElemAt: [ [ 1, 2, 3 ], 0 ] }  返回1

{ $arrayElemAt: [ [ 1, 2, 3 ], -2 ] }  返回2

{ $arrayElemAt: [ [ 1, 2, 3 ], 15 ] } 数组越界无返回

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "dave123", favorites: [ "chocolate", "cake", "butter", "apples" ] }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "li", favorites: [ "apples", "pudding", "pie" ] }
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "ahn", favorites: [ "pears", "pecans", "chocolate", "cherries" ] }
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "ty", favorites: [ "ice cream" ] }

db.users.aggregate([
   {
     $project:
      {
         name: 1,
         first: { $arrayElemAt: [ "$favorites", 0 ] },
         last: { $arrayElemAt: [ "$favorites", -1 ] }
      }
   }
])

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "dave123", "first" : "chocolate", "last" : "apples" }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "li", "first" : "apples", "last" : "pie" }
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "ahn", "first" : "pears", "last" : "cherries" }
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "ty", "first" : "ice cream", "last" : "ice cream" }

$$root   引用当前管道处理的顶级文档，下面看例子

{ "_id" : 8751, "title" : "The Banquet", "author" : "Dante", "copies" : 2 }
{ "_id" : 8752, "title" : "Divine Comedy", "author" : "Dante", "copies" : 1 }
{ "_id" : 8645, "title" : "Eclogues", "author" : "Dante", "copies" : 2 }
{ "_id" : 7000, "title" : "The Odyssey", "author" : "Homer", "copies" : 10 }
{ "_id" : 7020, "title" : "Iliad", "author" : "Homer", "copies" : 10 }

db.books.aggregate(
   [
     { $group : { _id : "$author", books: { $push: "$$ROOT" } } }
   ]
)