MapReduce的两表join一般操作

案例：(部门员工两表的join查询)

原始数据

员工表(emp):

 empno ename  job      mgr  hiredate   sal  comm deptno loc
 7499  allen  salesman 7698 1981-02-20 1600 300  30
 7782  clark  manager  7639 1981-06-09 2450      10
 7654  martin salesman 7698 1981-03-22 1250 1400 30     boston
 7900  james  clerk    7698 1981-03-20 950       30
 7788  scott  analyst  7566 1981-09-01 3000 100  20 

部门表(dep):

deptno dname     loc
 30     sales     chicago
 20     research  dallas
 10     accouting newyork

实现的功能类似于:select e.empno,e.ename,d.deptno,dname from emp e join dept d on e.deptno=d.deptno;
用join on后面的字段作为key
一对多关系

解析：

最后输出的结果包含两张表共四个属性(员工id，员工姓名，部门id(外键)，部门名称)

我们可以将部门id作为map传值的key，将四个属性构造一个JavaBean作为map传值的value，其中自定义的JavaBean中除了包含四个属性外，还应有区分是员工表还是部门表的字段flag.

1.JavaBean

/*
 *实现join的两张表通用的一个bean,并且bean中加一个通用的标识flag,用于区分两张表
 *实现writableCompare接口(由于数据要在网络上传输必须序列化,hadoop处理的时候需要分组和排序)
 */
public class Bean implements WritableComparable<Bean> {
	// 两个表共查询的属性
	private String empno = " ";
	private String empname = " ";
	private String depno = " ";
	private String depname = " ";
	private int flag = 0; // 0:部门 1：员工

	public Bean() {
	}

	public Bean(String empno, String empname, String depno, String depname,
			int flag) {
		super();
		this.empno = empno;
		this.empname = empname;
		this.depno = depno;
		this.depname = depname;
		this.flag = flag;
	}

	public Bean(Bean bean) {
		this.empno = bean.getEmpno();
		this.empname = bean.getEmpname();
		this.depno = bean.getDepno();
		this.depname = bean.getDepname();
		this.flag = bean.getFlag();
	}

	@Override
	public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		// 写数据
		out.writeUTF(empno);
		out.writeUTF(empname);
		out.writeUTF(depno);
		out.writeUTF(depname);
		out.writeInt(flag);
	}

	@Override
	public void readFields(DataInput in) throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		// 读数据
		this.empno = in.readUTF();
		this.empname = in.readUTF();
		this.depno = in.readUTF();
		this.depname = in.readUTF();
		this.flag = in.readInt();
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "empno=" + empno + ", empname=" + empname + ", depno=" + depno
				+ ", depname=" + depname;
	}

	@Override
	public int compareTo(Bean arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	public String getEmpno() {
		return empno;
	}

	public void setEmpno(String empno) {
		this.empno = empno;
	}

	public String getEmpname() {
		return empname;
	}

	public void setEmpname(String empname) {
		this.empname = empname;
	}

	public String getDepno() {
		return depno;
	}

	public void setDepno(String depno) {
		this.depno = depno;
	}

	public String getDepname() {
		return depname;
	}

	public void setDepname(String depname) {
		this.depname = depname;
	}

	public int getFlag() {
		return flag;
	}

	public void setFlag(int flag) {
		this.flag = flag;
	}

}

2.Map类( map的输出的key为join时员工表的deptno,输出的value为对象Bean,reduce时 会将两个相同的key组成一起)

/*
 * map的输出的key为join时员工表的deptno,输出的value为对象Bean
 * reduce时 会将两个相同的key组成一起
 */
/*
 * 将emp和dep定义相同的bean来处理
 */
public class StaffDepMap extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, IntWritable, Bean> {
	@Override
	protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value,
			Mapper<LongWritable, Text, IntWritable, Bean>.Context context)
			throws IOException, InterruptedException {
		String line = value.toString();
		String[] str = line.split("\t");
		// 判断表的类型
		if (str.length == 3) {
			// 部门数据
			Bean dep = new Bean();
			dep.setDepno(str[0]);
			dep.setDepname(str[1]);
			dep.setFlag(0);
			// 传递部门数据
			context.write(new IntWritable(Integer.parseInt(str[0])), dep);
		} else {
			// 员工数据
			Bean emp = new Bean();
			emp.setEmpno(str[0]);
			emp.setEmpname(str[1]);
			emp.setDepno(str[7]);
			emp.setFlag(1);
			// 传递员工数据
			context.write(new IntWritable(Integer.parseInt(str[7])), emp);
		}
	}
}

3.Reduce类(输入的即是两个表的depno)

public class StaffDepRedu extends
		Reducer<IntWritable, Bean, NullWritable, Text> {
	@Override
	protected void reduce(IntWritable key, Iterable<Bean> values,
			Reducer<IntWritable, Bean, NullWritable, Text>.Context context)
			throws IOException, InterruptedException {
		Bean dep = null;
		List<Bean> emps = new ArrayList<Bean>();
		for (Bean bean : values) {
			if (bean.getFlag() == 0) {
				// 部门数据
				dep = new Bean(bean); // 重新构造对象
			} else {
				// 员工数据
				emps.add(new Bean(bean));
			}
		}
		// 给员工数据list添加部门的dname
		for (Bean emp : emps) {
			emp.setDepname(dep.getDepname());
			context.write(NullWritable.get(), new Text(emp.toString()));
		}

	}
}

4.job类

public class StaffDepMain {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		Configuration conf = new Configuration();
		Job job = new Job(conf);
		job.setJarByClass(StaffDepMain.class);

		job.setMapperClass(StaffDepMap.class);
		job.setMapOutputKeyClass(IntWritable.class);
		job.setMapOutputValueClass(Bean.class);

		job.setReducerClass(StaffDepRedu.class);
		job.setOutputKeyClass(NullWritable.class);
		job.setOutputValueClass(Text.class);

		FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path(args[0]));
		FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
		job.waitForCompletion(true);
	}
}