常用的并发工具类(3)Semaphore

用法：控制同时访问某个特定资源的线程数量，用在流量控制（数据库连接），信号量，证书颁发。

样例：

import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;

/**
 * 
 * <p>
 * 类说明：数据库连接的平庸实现
 */
public class SqlConnectImpl implements Connection {
	
    /*拿一个数据库连接*/
    public static final Connection fetchConnection() {
        return new SqlConnectImpl();
    }

    @Override
    public <T> T unwrap(Class<T> iface) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isWrapperFor(Class<?> iface) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public Statement createStatement() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public CallableStatement prepareCall(String sql) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public String nativeSQL(String sql) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void setAutoCommit(boolean autoCommit) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public boolean getAutoCommit() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void commit() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public void rollback() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public void close() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public boolean isClosed() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public DatabaseMetaData getMetaData() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void setReadOnly(boolean readOnly) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public boolean isReadOnly() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void setCatalog(String catalog) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public String getCatalog() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void setTransactionIsolation(int level) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public int getTransactionIsolation() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public SQLWarning getWarnings() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void clearWarnings() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public Statement createStatement(int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency)
            throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public CallableStatement prepareCall(String sql, int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Map<String, Class<?>> getTypeMap() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void setTypeMap(Map<String, Class<?>> map) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public void setHoldability(int holdability) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public int getHoldability() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public Savepoint setSavepoint() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Savepoint setSavepoint(String name) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void rollback(Savepoint savepoint) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public void releaseSavepoint(Savepoint savepoint) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public Statement createStatement(int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency, int resultSetHoldability)
            throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency,
                                              int resultSetHoldability) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public CallableStatement prepareCall(String sql, int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency,
                                         int resultSetHoldability) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, int[] columnIndexes) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, String[] columnNames) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Clob createClob() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Blob createBlob() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public NClob createNClob() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public SQLXML createSQLXML() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isValid(int timeout) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void setClientInfo(String name, String value) throws SQLClientInfoException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public void setClientInfo(Properties properties) throws SQLClientInfoException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public String getClientInfo(String name) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Properties getClientInfo() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Array createArrayOf(String typeName, Object[] elements) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Struct createStruct(String typeName, Object[] attributes) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void setSchema(String schema) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public String getSchema() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void abort(Executor executor) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public void setNetworkTimeout(Executor executor, int milliseconds) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public int getNetworkTimeout() throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return 0;
    }

}

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;

/**
 * 
 * <p>
 * 类说明：演示Semaphore用法，一个数据库连接池的实现
 */
public class DBPoolSemaphore {

    private final static int POOL_SIZE = 10;
    private final Semaphore useful, useless;//useful表示可用的数据库连接，useless表示已用的数据库连接

    public DBPoolSemaphore() {
        this.useful = new Semaphore(POOL_SIZE);
        this.useless = new Semaphore(0);
    }

    //存放数据库连接的容器
    private static LinkedList<Connection> pool = new LinkedList<Connection>();

    //初始化池
    static {
        for (int i = 0; i < POOL_SIZE; i++) {
            pool.addLast(SqlConnectImpl.fetchConnection());
        }
    }

    /*归还连接*/
    public void returnConnect(Connection connection) throws InterruptedException {
        if (connection != null) {
            System.out.println("当前有" + useful.getQueueLength() + "个线程等待数据库连接！！"
                    + "可用连接数:" + useful.availablePermits());
            useless.acquire();
            synchronized (pool) {
                pool.addLast(connection);
            }
            useful.release();
        }
    }

    /*从池子拿连接*/
    public Connection takeConnect() throws InterruptedException {
        useful.acquire();
        Connection conn;
        synchronized (pool) {
            conn = pool.removeFirst();
        }
        useless.release();
        return conn;
    }

}

import com.xiangxue.tools.SleepTools;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 *
 * <p>
 * 类说明：测试数据库连接池
 */
public class AppTest {

    private static DBPoolSemaphore dbPool = new DBPoolSemaphore();

    //业务线程
    private static class BusiThread extends Thread {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            Random r = new Random();//让每个线程持有连接的时间不一样
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            try {
                Connection connect = dbPool.takeConnect();
                System.out.println("Thread_" + Thread.currentThread().getId()
                        + "_获取数据库连接共耗时【" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + "】ms.");
                SleepTools.ms(100 + r.nextInt(100));//模拟业务操作，线程持有连接查询数据
                System.out.println("查询数据完成，归还连接！");
                dbPool.returnConnect(connect);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
            Thread thread = new BusiThread();
            thread.start();
        }
    }

}