java HttpClient简单示例

package com.qingyuan.httpclient;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;

public class doClient extends HttpServlet {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = -3068176268692856007L;

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

		response.setContentType("text/html");
		// PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		this.doPost(request, response);

	}

	/**
	 * POST http://localhost:8080/httpclient/doClient HTTP/1.1
            User-Agent: Fiddler
            Host: localhost:8080
            Content-Length: 0
	 */
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

		response.setContentType("text/html");
		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		
        String url = "/httpclient/setup";   
        String host = "localhost"; 
        
        HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();   
        httpClient.getHostConfiguration().setHost(host, 8080, "http");           
            
        HttpMethod method = postMethod(url);   
           
        httpClient.executeMethod(method);        
        String responseStr = method.getResponseBodyAsString();   
                  
        System.out.println(responseStr);   
	}

	/**
	 *  如果PostMethod提交的是中文字符，需要加上相应的编码格式： 
         *  post.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=gbk");  
         *  如果GetMethod提交的参数有中文字符，需要先转换成utf-8格式： 
         *  URLEncoder.encode("武汉", "utf-8"); 
         *
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
    private static HttpMethod postMethod(String url) throws IOException
    {    
        PostMethod post = new PostMethod(url);   
        post.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=gbk");     
        NameValuePair[] param = { 
        		new NameValuePair("startCity","武汉"),   
                new NameValuePair("lastCity","南京"),   
                new NameValuePair("userID",""),   
                new NameValuePair("theDate","") } ;   
        post.setRequestBody(param);   
        post.releaseConnection();   
        return post;   
    }
    
	@SuppressWarnings("all")
	private static HttpMethod getMethod(String url,String param) throws IOException
	{   
        GetMethod get = new GetMethod(url+"?"+param);   
        get.releaseConnection();   
        return get;   
    }   
}

package com.qingyuan.httpclient;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.Header;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpException;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.junit.Test;

/**
 *  参考: http://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1377956762049.html
 *  HttpClient是一个客户端的HTTP通信实现库。HttpClient的目标是发送和接收HTTP报文
 *  1) 创建httpclient 对象
 *  2）创建请求方法的实例,并指定请求URL,如果需要发送GET请求,创建HTTPGet请求
 *  3）如果需要发送请求参数，可调用HttpGet、HttpPost共同的setParams(HetpParams params)
 *     方法来添加请求参数；对于HttpPost对象而言，也可调用setEntity(HttpEntity entity)
 *     方法来设置请求参数
 *  4）调用HttpClient对象的execute(HttpUriRequest request)发送请求，该方法返回一个HttpResponse
 *  5）调用HttpResponse的getAllHeaders()、getHeaders(String name)等方法可获取服务器的响应头；
 *     调用HttpResponse的getEntity()方法可获取HttpEntity对象，该对象包装了服务器的响应内容。
 *     程序可通过该对象获取服务器的响应内容
 *  6）释放连接。无论执行方法是否成功，都必须释放连接
 */
public class HttpClientTest 
{
		// private final static String URL = "http://www.apache.org/";   
	        
		private final static String localURL = "http://localhost:8080/httpclient/setup";
		/**
		 * <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
                     <html><head>
                     <title>405 Method Not Allowed</title>
                     </head><body>
                     <h1>Method Not Allowed</h1>
                     <p>The requested method POST is not allowed for the URL /.</p>
                     <address>Apache/2.4.12 (Unix) OpenSSL/1.0.1l Server at www.apache.org Port 80</address>
                     </body></html>
		 */
             @Test
	    public void tesst()
	    {   
		    /* 创建HttpClient实例 */
		    HttpClient client = new HttpClient();

		   // PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(URL);
		   PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(localURL);

		    /* 执行post方法 */
		    try {
			int statusCode = client.executeMethod(postMethod);

			if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) 
			{
				System.err.println("Method failed: "
						+ postMethod.getStatusLine());
			}
			/* 获得返回的结果 */
			byte[] responseBody = postMethod.getResponseBody();
			// Jesus, you finally here!!
			System.out.println(new String(responseBody));

		    } 
		    catch (HttpException e) 
		    {
			    System.err.println("Fatal protocol violation: " + e.getMessage());
			    e.printStackTrace();
                      } 
		    catch (IOException e) 
		    {
		    	    System.err.println("Fatal transport error: " + e.getMessage());
			    e.printStackTrace();
                       } 
		    finally 
		    {
			    /* Release the connection. */
			    postMethod.releaseConnection();
		    }
	    }   
		
	     public void runClient()
		{
			HttpClient httpclient = new HttpClient();
			// String url = "http://localhost:8080/setup";
			String url = "http://www.baidu.com/";
			PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url);
			
			// 填入各个表单域的值
			NameValuePair[] data = 
			{
				new NameValuePair("ID", "11"),
			    new NameValuePair("mtg", "0"),
			    new NameValuePair("havaCookie", "0"),
			    new NameValuePair("backID", "30"),
				new NameValuePair("psw", "password")
			};
			
			// 将表单的值放入postMethod中
			postMethod.setRequestBody(data);
			
			// 执行postmethod
			int statusCode = 0;
			
			try 
			{
			   statusCode = httpclient.executeMethod(postMethod);	
			}
			catch(HttpException e) 
			{
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			catch(IOException e)
			{
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			
			// httpclient 对于要求接受后继服务的请求,像post和put等不能自动处理转发
			// 301 或 302
			if (HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY == statusCode
					|| HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY == statusCode)
			{
				// 从头中取出转向的地址:
				Header locationHeader = postMethod.getResponseHeader("location");
				String location = null;
				
				if (null != locationHeader)
				{
					location = locationHeader.getValue();
					System.out.print("the page was redirected to:" + location);
				}
				else
				{
					System.out.print("location field value is null" );
				}
				
				return ;
			         }
			         else
			         {
				System.out.println(postMethod.getStatusLine());
				String str = "";
				
				try
				{
					str = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
				}
				catch (IOException e)
				{
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
				
				System.out.println(str);
			}
			
			// 释放连接资源
			postMethod.releaseConnection();
		}
}

package com.qingyuan.httpclient;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class SetupClient extends HttpServlet {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = -2009769640673180581L;

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException 
	{
        this.doPost(request, response);
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException 
	{
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=gbk");
		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		out.write("Jesus, you finally here!!");
	}

}

1、 commons-httpclient-3.1-rc1.zip 
http://jakarta.apache.org/commons/httpclient/downloads.html
http://hc.apache.org/downloads.cgi

2、commons-codec-1.3.jar    
http://jakarta.apache.org/site/downloads/downloads_commons-codec.cgi
http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-codec/

3、commons-logging-api.jar   在tomcat5.5中的Tomcat 5.5/bin目录下或者    http://jakarta.apache.org/site/downloads/downloads_commons-logging.cgi

4: blog
http://blog.csdn.net/bhq2010/article/details/9210007
http://www.cnblogs.com/mywebname/articles/2130636.html
http://blog.csdn.net/wangpeng047/article/details/19624529

myeclipse中将整块的代码/所选中的代码左右移动的快捷键选择你要移动的代码,TAB 右移ctrl+TAB左移

需要你在项目中引用几个jar包的：
jackson-core-asl-1.4.0.jar，
jackson-mapper-asl-1.4.0.jar， 
json.jar
json-lib-2.4-jdk15.jar

httpclient示例链接

package com.qingyuan.httpclient;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class SetupClient extends HttpServlet {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = -2009769640673180581L;

	/*
	 * 但是commons-httpclient是一个遗留版本,官方已经不推荐使用,正确的方法是使用httpclient项目的
	 * httpcore-x.xxx.jar包中的Header：
         * import org.apache.http.Header;发送请求时设置头部：
	 * HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();  
         */
        //創建一個httpGet方法   
        //HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.cnblogs.com/loveyakamoz/archive/2011/07/21/2113252.html");  
        //設置httpGet的头部參數信息   
  
        // httpGet.setHeader("Accept", "Accept text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8");  
        // httpGet.setHeader("Accept-Charset", "GB2312,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7");  
        // httpGet.setHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");  
        // httpGet.setHeader("Accept-Language", "zh-cn,zh;q=0.5");  
        // httpGet.setHeader("Connection", "keep-alive");  
        // httpGet.setHeader("Cookie", "__utma=226521935.73826752.1323672782.1325068020.1328770420.6;");  
        // httpGet.setHeader("Host", "www.cnblogs.com");  
        // httpGet.setHeader("refer", "http://www.baidu.com/s?tn=monline_5_dg&bs=httpclient4+MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager");  
        // httpGet.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:6.0.2) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/6.0.2");  



         /* 收到respose时获取头部信息： 
	        Header headers[] = response.getAllHeaders();  
            int i = 0;  
            while (i < headers.length)
            {  
        	    System.out.println(headers[i].getName() + ":  " + headers[i].getValue());  
                i++;  
            }  
       */

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException 
	{
        this.doPost(request, response);
	}

    /**
     *   http 中参数获取与传递: 
     *   HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(
     *   "http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=httpclient&btnG=Google+Search&aq=f&oq=");
     *    
     *   HttpClient提供很多工具方法来简化创建和修改执行URI。
     *
     *   URI也可以编程来拼装：
     *   URI uri = URIUtils.createURI("http", "www.google.com", -1, "/search",
     *   "q=httpclient&btnG=Google+Search&aq=f&oq=", null);
     *   HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(uri);
     *   System.out.println(httpget.getURI());
     *   
     *   >> http://www.google.com/search?q=httpclient&btnG=Google+Search&aq=f&oq=
     * 
     *    查询字符串也可以从独立的参数中来生成：
     *  
     *   List<NameValuePair> qparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
     *   qparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("q", "httpclient"));
     *   qparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("btnG", "Google Search"));
     *   qparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("aq", "f"));
     *   qparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("oq", null));
     *   URI uri = URIUtils.createURI("http", "www.google.com", -1, "/search",
     *   URLEncodedUtils.format(qparams, "UTF-8"), null);
     *   HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(uri);
     *   System.out.println(httpget.getURI());
     *   
     *   >> http://www.google.com/search?q=httpclient&btnG=Google+Search&aq=f&oq=
     * 
     */
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException 
	{
		String city = request.getParameter("startCity");
		String city2 = request.getParameter("lastCity");
		String userId = request.getParameter("userID");
		String theDate = request.getParameter("theDate");
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=gbk");
		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		out.write(city + city2 + userId + theDate + "Jesus, you finally here!!");
	}

}