SQLNET.EXPIRE_TIME参数

最新推荐文章于 2025-02-12 10:06:22 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-02-12 10:06:22 发布

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分类专栏：数据库文章标签： Dead-Con

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本文介绍了DCD(Dead Connection Detection)的概念及其配置方法。通过调整SQLNET.EXPIRE_TIME参数，可以有效防止因防火墙超时导致的会话异常断开问题。文章还提供了一个RMAN备份过程中因防火墙设置不当引发错误的具体案例。

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DCD: Dead Connection Detection ，可以用于检测、标记僵死而没有断开会session，再由PMON进行清理，释放资源。开启DCD，只需要在服务端的sqlnet.ora文件中添加SQLNET.EXPIRE_TIME参数，单位为分钟。
如果时间达到这个值，server端就是发出一个”probe” packet 给客户端，如要客户断是正常的，这个packet就被忽略，timer重新计时；如果客户端异常中断，则server端就会收到一个消息，用以释放连接。

DCD还可以用于防止防火墙的timeout，例如：
某个系统RMAN备份，在结束时，报：
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RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-06004: ORACLE error from recovery catalog database:
ORA-03135: connection lost contact
ORACLE error from recovery catalog database:
ORA-03114: not connected to ORACLE

Is the rman catalog Database running on a different system than the Target Database?
If so, verify with the System Administrators what the TCP/IP timeout is set to.
If there is any firewall between two systems, set the value of SQLNET.EXPIRE_TIME
to less than the TCP timeout value of the firewall.
Increase the value of SQLNET.EXPIRE_TIME in the sqlnet.ora file on both
target servers if no firewall exists between two systems.
Increase the value of keepalive interval.
以上这个RMAN报错例子就是由于防火墙设置timeout原因，当client和server在timeout时间内没有数据传输的时候，会话就会被防火墙断开。而设置SQLNET.EXPIRE_TIME参数，使其小于防火墙的timeout时间，就可以避免这一情况的发生。