Java操作MongoDB的基础语法

1.查找一条文档

//查找uid为14743423415102的文档
BasicDBObject bson = new BasicDBObject("uid", 14743423415102);
FindIterable<Document> documents = collection.find(bson);       
Document document = new Document();
for(Document doc : documents){
    document = doc;
    break;
}

2.更新一条文档中的字段
存在弊端，若字段类型不一致，会抛出异常
推荐用下面一条$set方法进行更新

//更新uid为14743423415102文档中的name字段值
BasicDBObject bson = new BasicDBObject("uid", 14743423415102);
BasicDBObject bson1 = new BasicDBObject("name", "jack");
UpdateResult result = collection.updateOne(bson, bson1);

3.在一条文档中插入（更新）字段
$set：用来指定一个键并更新键值，若键不存在并创建。
有效的防止了字段类型不一致导致的更新值失败问题

//在uid为14743423415102文档中插入字段名为name、字段值为jack的字段
BasicDBObject bson = new BasicDBObject("uid", 14743423415102);
BasicDBObject bson1 = new BasicDBObject("name", "jack");
UpdateResult result = collection.updateOne(bson, new BasicDBObject("$set", bson1));

4.删除一条文档中的字段
$unset：主要是用来删除键

//删除uid为14743423415102文档的name字段
BasicDBObject bson = new BasicDBObject("uid", 14743423415102);
BasicDBObject bson1 = new BasicDBObject("name", "jack");
UpdateResult result = collection.updateOne(bson, new BasicDBObject("$unset", bson1););

5.在数组中插入文档
$push：数组修改器

//找出country为China的文档中，并向该文档中的record字段下的2017-08-29数组中插入文档
BasicDBObject bson = new BasicDBObject("country", "China");
String dateStr = '2017-08-29';
BasicDBObject bson1 = new BasicDBObject("$push", new BasicDBObject("record."+dateStr, document));
collection.updateOne(bson, bson1);