No_31_coin_sum

题目：

In England the currency is made up of pound, £, and pence, p, and there are eight coins in general circulation:

1p, 2p, 5p, 10p, 20p, 50p, £1 (100p) and £2 (200p).

It is possible to make £2 in the following way:

1 £1 + 1 50p + 2 20p + 1 5p + 1 2p + 3 1p

How many different ways can £2 be made using any number of coins?

第一次尝试：

import math,datetime
li=[]
total=200

for  i in xrange(1,-1,-1):
    sum=0
    sum=sum+200*i
    for j in xrange((total-sum)/100,-1,-1):
        sum+=100*j
        for a in xrange((total-sum)/50,-1,-1):
            sum+=50*a
            for b in xrange((total-sum)/20,-1,-1):
                sum+=20*b
                for c in xrange((total-sum)/10,-1,-1):
                    sum+=10*c
                    for d in xrange((total-sum)/5,-1,-1):
                        sum+=5*d
                        for e in xrange((total-sum)/2,-1,-1):
                            sum+=2*e
                            if sum<=total:
                                li.append((i*200,j*100,a*50,b*20,c*10,d*5,e*2,total-sum))
        
print len(li)
print li[0:100]

问题：

在每次循环结束后没有使sum恢复到循环前的状态。
第二次尝试：

start_time=datetime.datetime.now()
li=[]
total=200
sum=0
for  i in xrange(1,-1,-1):
    sum=sum+200*i
    for j in xrange((total-sum)/100,-1,-1):
        sum+=100*j
        for a in xrange((total-sum)/50,-1,-1):
            sum+=50*a
            for b in xrange((total-sum)/20,-1,-1):
                sum+=20*b
                for c in xrange((total-sum)/10,-1,-1):
                    sum+=10*c
                    for d in xrange((total-sum)/5,-1,-1):
                        sum+=5*d
                        for e in xrange((total-sum)/2,-1,-1):
                            sum+=2*e
                            if sum<=total:
                                li.append((i*200,j*100,a*50,b*20,c*10,d*5,e*2,total-sum))
                            sum-=2*e
                        sum-=5*d
                    sum-=10*c
                sum-=20*b
            sum-=50*a
        sum-=100*j
    sum-=200*i
print len(li)
end_time=datetime.datetime.now()
print end_time-start_time

结果：
73682
0:00:00.081000
看了另人大牛之后改的

#coding=utf-8
import math,datetime
known={}
def nway(total, coins):
    #如果出现不被整除的会有问题的
    if (total,coins) in known:
        return known[(total,coins)]
    if(len(coins)==1):#当只有一种硬币的时候
        known[(total,coins)]=total/coins[0]
        return  total/coins[0]
    totalcount=0
    startindex=0
    chushu,coins=coins[0],coins[1:]
    while startindex<=total/chushu:
        total1=total-startindex*chushu
        if total1>=0:
            totalcount+=nway(total1,coins)
        else:
            break
        startindex+=1
    known[(total,coins)]=totalcount
    return totalcount



print nway( 200, tuple([1,2,5,10,20,50,100,200][::-1]))
print 'Hello'

但是结果有问题啊

得到的结果居然是：
440145293872109

错在哪呢？

========================================================================================================================

发现在len(coins)==1也就coins=(1,)的时候，totalcount应该+1,而不是+total

改一下先：

known={}
def nway(total, coins):
    #如果出现不被整除的会有问题的
    if (total,coins) in known:
        return known[(total,coins)]
    if(len(coins)==1):#当只有一种硬币的时候
        known[(total,coins)]=1
        return  1
    totalcount=0
    startindex=0
    chushu,coins=coins[0],coins[1:]
    while startindex<=total/chushu:
        total1=total-startindex*chushu
        if total1>=0:
            totalcount+=nway(total1,coins)
        else:
            break
        startindex+=1
    known[(total,coins)]=totalcount
    return totalcount



print nway( 200, tuple([1,2,5,10,20,50,100,200][::-1]))
print 'Hello'

但是还是错了呀。我真的不知道错在哪里了。。

。。。发现known[(10,(1,))]这个的值居然会变的。我也个去了。。为什么会发生变化呢？

刚刚别人又给我段代码：

#coding=utf-8
import math,datetime
target=200
coins=[1,2,5,10,20,50,100,200]
way=[1]+[0]*target
for i in coins:
    for j in xrange(i,target+1):
        way[j]+=way[j-i]
print way[-1]

用的是动态规划，但是我不知道子结构是什么。艹 了。。