android mvp模式 总结及个人心得

 

 在MVP模式里通常包含4个要素：

     (1) View:负责绘制UI元素、与用户进行交互(在Android中体现为Activity);

     (2 )View interface:需要View实现的接口，View通过View interface与Presenter进行交互，降低耦合，方便进行单元测试;

     (3) Model:负责存储、检索、操纵数据(有时也实现一个Model interface用来降低耦合);

     (4) Presenter:作为View与Model交互的中间纽带，处理与用户交互的负责逻辑。

MVP模式：

• View不直接与Model交互，而是通过与Presenter交互来与Model间接交互
• Presenter与View的交互是通过接口来进行的，更有利于添加单元测试
• 通常View与Presenter是一对一的，但复杂的View可能绑定多个Presenter来处理逻辑     

转变：

转变为：

MVC与MVP的区别

可以发现，Presenter与Model、View都是通过接口来进行交互的，既降低耦合也方便进行单元测试。

(1)UserBean，用来保存用户信息

package test.ban.com.myapplication.bean;/**
 * Created by apple on 16/8/18.
 */

/**
 * 作者：ban on 16/8/18 15:43
 */
public class UserBean {
    private String mFirstName;
    private String mLastName;

    public UserBean(String firstName, String lastName) {
        this.mFirstName = firstName;
        this.mLastName = lastName;
    }

    public String getFirstName() {
        return mFirstName;
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return mLastName;
    }
}

(2)View接口：

package test.ban.com.myapplication.view;

/**
 * Created by apple on 16/8/18.
 */

public interface IUserView {
    int getID();
    String getFristName();
    String getLastName();
    void setFirstName (String firstName);
    void setLastName (String lastName);
}

(3)Model接口：

package test.ban.com.myapplication.model;

import test.ban.com.myapplication.bean.UserBean;

/**
 * Created by apple on 16/8/18.
 */

public interface IUserModel {
    void setID (int id);
    void setFirstName (String firstName);
    void setLastName (String lastName);
    UserBean load (int id);//通过id读取user信息,返回一个UserBean
}

(4)Presenter:  Presenter就能通过接口与View及Model进行交互了：

package test.ban.com.myapplication.persenter;/**
 * Created by apple on 16/8/18.
 */

import test.ban.com.myapplication.bean.UserBean;
import test.ban.com.myapplication.model.IUserModel;
import test.ban.com.myapplication.model.UserModel;
import test.ban.com.myapplication.view.IUserView;

/**
 * 作者：ban on 16/8/18 15:47
 */
public class UserPresenter {
    private IUserView mUserView;
    private IUserModel mUserModel;

    public UserPresenter(IUserView view) {
        this.mUserView = view;
        mUserModel = new UserModel();
    }

    public void saveUser(int id,String firstName,String lastName){
        mUserModel.setID(id);
        mUserModel.setFirstName(firstName);
        mUserModel.setLastName(lastName);
    }

    public void loadUser(int id){
        UserBean userBean = mUserModel.load(id);
        mUserView.setFirstName(userBean.getFirstName());
        mUserView.setLastName(userBean.getLastName());
    }
}

UserModel类

package test.ban.com.myapplication.model;/**
 * Created by apple on 16/8/18.
 */

import android.util.SparseArray;

import test.ban.com.myapplication.bean.UserBean;

/**
 * 作者：ban on 16/8/18 15:50
 */
public class UserModel implements IUserModel {
    private String mFirstName;
    private String mLastName;
    private int mID;
    private SparseArray<UserBean> mUserArray = new SparseArray<UserBean>();

    @Override
    public void setID(int id) {
        mID = id;
    }

    @Override
    public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
        mFirstName = firstName;
    }

    @Override
    public void setLastName(String lastName) {

        mLastName = lastName;
        UserBean userBean = new UserBean(mFirstName, mLastName);
        mUserArray.append(mID, userBean);
    }

    @Override
    public int getID() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public UserBean load(int id) {
        mID = id;
        UserBean userBean = mUserArray.get(mID, new UserBean("not found", "not found"));
        return userBean;
    }
}

(5)Activity:

package test.ban.com.myapplication;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;

import test.ban.com.myapplication.persenter.UserPresenter;
import test.ban.com.myapplication.view.IUserView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener, IUserView {

    private EditText mFirstNameEditText, mLastNameEditText, mIdEditText;
    private Button mSaveButton, mLoadButton;
    private UserPresenter mUserPresenter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mFirstNameEditText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.first_name_edt);
        mLastNameEditText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.last_name_edt);
        mIdEditText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.id_edt);

        mSaveButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.saveButton);
        mLoadButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.loadButton);

        mUserPresenter = new UserPresenter(this);
        mSaveButton.setOnClickListener(this);
        mLoadButton.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public int getID() {
        if (mIdEditText.getText().toString().isEmpty()) {
           mIdEditText.setText("123");
        }
        return Integer.parseInt(mIdEditText.getText().toString());
    }

    @Override
    public String getFristName() {
        return mFirstNameEditText.getText().toString();
    }

    @Override
    public String getLastName() {
        return mLastNameEditText.getText().toString();
    }

    @Override
    public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
        mFirstNameEditText.setText(firstName);
    }

    @Override
    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        mLastNameEditText.setText(lastName);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.saveButton:
                mUserPresenter.saveUser(getID(), getFristName(), getLastName());
                break;
            case R.id.loadButton:
                mUserPresenter.loadUser(getID());
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

总结： v iew只负责处理与用户交互，并把与数据相关的数据仍给了presenter去处理。

这时presenter去调用model处理完数据后，在通过view的接口iuserview更新view的显示信息。