MongoDB学习三

MongoDB的高级操作：聚合和游标

(1)聚合操作：

<1>count

获取搜索结果的数据条数

<2>distinct

获取指定地段的集合，不允许重复

>
>
> db.student.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9d9d900da635cb33f220"), "name" : "liumengyang", "city" :
 "dalian" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9da9900da635cb33f221"), "name" : "lidongqing", "city" :
"dalian" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55ebd440900da635cb33f222"), "name" : "ketty", "city" : "heng
shui" }
>
>
>
> db.student.distinct("city");
[ "dalian", "hengshui" ]

<3>group

key：要进行分组的key

initial：每组都分享的一个初始化函数

$reduce：这个函数的第一个参数就是当前的文档对象，第二个参数是上一次function操作的累计对象，第一次为initial中的函数。

condition：过滤条件

finalize：每一组文档执行完毕以后，多会触发这个方法，可以用来在集合里面加上count属性【用来表名每一组的数据量】

使用实例：

> db.student.group({
... "key":{"city":true},
... "initial":{"person":[]},
... "$reduce":function(cur,prev){ prev.person.push(cur.name); },
... "condition":{"city":{$nin:["beijing"]}},
... "finalize":function(out){
...
... out.count = out.person.length;
... }
...
... })
[
        {
                "city" : "dalian",
                "person" : [
                        "liumengyang",
                        "lidongqing"
                ],
                "count" : 2
        },
        {
                "city" : "hengshui",
                "person" : [
                        "ketty"
                ],
                "count" : 1
        },
        {
                "city" : "handan",
                "person" : [
                        "horse",
                        "xiaowanzi"
                ],
                "count" : 2
        },
        {
                "city" : "xingtai",
                "person" : [
                        "bird"
                ],
                "count" : 1
        }
]
>

（4）mapreduce

mapreduce是一种编程模型，用在分布式计算中，包括两个函数：map函数和reduce函数

> var map = function(){
... emit(this.name,{count:1});
... }
>
>
> var reduce =
... function(key,value){
... var result = {count:0};
... for(var i=0;i<value.length;i++){
... result.count += value[i].count;
... }
... return result;
... }
>
>
> db.student.mapReduce(map,reduce,{"out":"collection"});
{
        "result" : "collection",
        "timeMillis" : 64,
        "counts" : {
                "input" : 7,
                "emit" : 7,
                "reduce" : 0,
                "output" : 7
        },
        "ok" : 1
}
>
>
> db.collection.find();
{ "_id" : "bird", "value" : { "count" : 1 } }
{ "_id" : "horse", "value" : { "count" : 1 } }
{ "_id" : "ketty", "value" : { "count" : 1 } }
{ "_id" : "lidongqing", "value" : { "count" : 1 } }
{ "_id" : "liumengyang", "value" : { "count" : 1 } }
{ "_id" : "monkey", "value" : { "count" : 1 } }
{ "_id" : "xiaowanzi", "value" : { "count" : 1 } }
>
>
>