S60 Python 编程指南——如何创建pys60应用程序

信息： 如何创建一个应用程序？ 9个步骤

 

1. 插入所有需要的模块
2. 设定屏幕大小 (normal, large, full)
3. 编写你程序的逻辑代码
4. 创建一个程序菜单（如果有必要）
5. 设定一个离开的按键
6. 设定程序标题
7. 如果有必要，分配活动的对象
8. 设定程序主题（文字，背景，列表或什么都没有）
9. 创建一个恰当的主循环体

1. 如何装如所需要的所有模块？
   1. import appuifw
   2. import e32
2. 如何设定屏幕大小？
   1. # screen has 3 different values:
   2. appuifw.app.screen='normal' #(a normal screen with title pane and softkeys)
   3. appuifw.app.screen='large' #(only softkeys visible)
   4. appuifw.app.screen='full' #(a full screen)
      
   示例代码：
   -----------------------------------------
   import appuifw
   import e32
   def exit_key_handler():
       app_lock.signal()
   round = appuifw.Text()
   round.set(u'hello')
   # put the application screen size to full screen
   appuifw.app.screen='full' #(a full screen)
   # other options:
   #appuifw.app.screen='normal' #(a normal screen with title pane and softkeys)
   #appuifw.app.screen='large' #(only softkeys visible)
   app_lock = e32.Ao_lock()
   appuifw.app.body = round
   appuifw.app.exit_key_handler = exit_key_handler
   app_lock.wait()
   -----------------------------------
3. 如何创建你程序的逻辑结构？
   这个完整的指南就是关于这个问题的…… 你必须确定一些逻辑结构使你的程序运行起来，任何逻辑结构都有可能！
4. 如何创建一个应用程序菜单？
   一个应用程序菜单使用左边的软按键并使得在你的应用程序运行时总是更够被使用。一个应用程序菜单也能包含子菜单。

    

   1. # create the callback functions that shall be executed when when selecting an item in
   2. # the menu:
   3. def item1():
   4.    print "item one"
   5. def subitem1():
   6.    print "subitem one"
   7. def subitem2():
   8.    print "subitem two"
   9. # create the menu using appuifw.app.menu[(title, callback1), (title, (subtitle, callback2))]
   10. appuifw.app.menu = [(u"item 1", item1), (u"Submenu 1", ((u"sub item 1"
   11. , subitem1),(u"sub item 2", subitem2)))]
       
       示例代码：
       ----------------------------------------
       import appuifw
       import e32
       def exit_key_handler():
           app_lock.signal()
       # create the callback functions for the application menu and its submenus
       def item1():
           print ""
           round.set(u'item one was selected')
       def subitem1():
           print ""
           round.set(u'subitem one was selected')
       def subitem2():
           round.set(u'subitem two was selected')
       app_lock = e32.Ao_lock()
       round = appuifw.Text()
       round.set(u'press options')
       appuifw.app.screen='large'
       appuifw.app.body = round
       # create the application menu including submenus
       appuifw.app.menu = [(u"item 1", item1),
                           (u"Submenu 1", ((u"sub item 1", subitem1),
                                           (u"sub item 2", subitem2)))]
       appuifw.app.exit_key_handler = exit_key_handler
       app_lock.wait()
       ---------------------------------------------
   12. 如何设定一个离开程序的键盘操作？
       当你按下右键（即离开）时，离开的操作就会被执行。使用特别定义的一个函数，你就能定义在按下键时要做什么。

        

       1. def quit():
       2.         appuifw.app.set_exit()
       3. app.exit_key_handler=quit
   13. 如何设定程序名称（标题）？
       1. appuifw.app.title = u"SMS sending"
   14. 如果有必要，如何来分配有效的对象？
       A facility called active object is used extensively on the Symbian OS to implement co-operative, non-preemptive scheduling within operating system threads. Preserving the responsiveness of the UI can be done with the help of active objects. This needs to be considered when designing the application logic. As a Python programmer, you typically need to take care of active objects as they relate to UI programming, and sockets. Can be tricky!

        

       1. # You need to import the e32 module
       2. import e32
       3. # create an instance of the active object
       4. app_lock = e32.Ao_lock()
       5. # starts a scheduler -> the script processes events (e.g. from the UI) until lock.signal() is
       6. # callled.
       7. app_lock.wait()
       8. # stops the scheduler
       9. app_lock.signal()

       更详细的内容请查阅 API_Reference_for_Python.pdf 文档。

   15. 如何设置程序主体？
       1. # body as Listbox:
       2. appuifw.app.body = appuifw
       3. .Listbox(entries,shout)
          
          示例代码：
          ------------------------------------------------
          import appuifw
          import e32
          def exit_key_handler():
              app_lock.signal()
          # define a callback function
          def shout():
              index = lb.current()
              print index
              print entries[index]
          # create your content list of your listbox including the icons to be used for each entry
          entries = [u"Signal",u"Battery"]
          lb = appuifw.Listbox(entries,shout)
          # create an Active Object
          app_lock = e32.Ao_lock()
          # create an instance of appuifw.Listbox(), include the content list "entries" and the callback function "shout"
          # and set the instance of Listbox now as the application body
          appuifw.app.body = lb
          appuifw.app.exit_key_handler = exit_key_handler
          app_lock.wait()
          --------------------------------------
          

          1. # body as Text:
          2. appuifw.app.body = appuifw.Text(u'hello')

          示例代码：
          ------------------------------------
          import appuifw
          import e32
          def exit_key_handler():
              app_lock.signal()
          # create an instance of appuifw.Text()
          round = appuifw.Text()
          # change the style of the text
          round.style = appuifw.STYLE_UNDERLINE
          # set the text to 'hello'
          round.set(u'hello')
          # put the screen size to full screen
          appuifw.app.screen='full'
          # create an Active Object
          app_lock = e32.Ao_lock()
          # set the application body to Text
          # by handing over "round" which is an instance of appuifw.Text() as definded above
          appuifw.app.body = round
          appuifw.app.exit_key_handler = exit_key_handler
          app_lock.wait()
          ---------------------------------------------
          

          1. # body as Canvas:
          2. appuifw.app.body=appuifw.Canvas(event_callback=None, redraw_callback=handle_redraw)

          示例代码：
          ---------------------------------------------
          # Copyright (c) 2005 Jurgen Scheible
          # This script draws different shapes and text to the canvas
          import appuifw
          from appuifw import *
          import e32
          # import graphics
          from graphics import *
          # create an exit handler
          def quit():
              global running
              running=0
              appuifw.app.set_exit()
          # set the screen size to large
          appuifw.app.screen='large'
          # define an initial image (white)
          img=Image.new((176,208))
          # add different shapes and text to the image
          # coord. sequence x1,x2,y1,y2
          img.line((20,20,20,120),0xff00ee)
          img.rectangle((40,60,50,80),0xff0000)
          img.point((50.,150.),0xff0000,width=40)
          img.ellipse((100,150,150,180),0x0000ff)
          img.text((100,80), u'hello')
          # define your redraw function (that redraws the picture on and on)
          # in this case we redraw the image named img using the blit function
          def handle_redraw(rect):
              canvas.blit(img)
          running=1
          # define the canvas, include the redraw callback function
          canvas=appuifw.Canvas(event_callback=None, redraw_callback=handle_redraw)
          # set the app.body to canvas
          appuifw.app.body=canvas
          app.exit_key_handler=quit
          # create a loop to redraw the the screen again and again until the exit button is pressed
          while running:
              # redraw the screen
              handle_redraw(())
              # yield needs to be here in order that key pressings can be noticed
              e32.ao_yield()
          ------------------------------------------------
          9.   如何创建一个主循环？
          把主循环放置在需要反复运行的代码位置
          1.   running = 1
          2.   while running:
          3.        # #e.g. redraw the screen:
          4.        handle_redraw(())
          

          这里有2个我常用的程序骨架示例

          1. no main loop because the application logic works without
             
             示例代码：
             ---------------------------------
             # Copyright (c) 2006 Jurgen Scheible
             # Application skeleton (no main loop)
             import appuifw
             import e32
             appuifw.app.screen='large'
             # create your application logic ...
             def item1():
                 print "hello"
             def subitem1():
                 print "aha"
             def subitem2():
                 print "good"
             appuifw.app.menu = [(u"item 1", item1),
                                 (u"Submenu 1", ((u"sub item 1", subitem1),
                                                 (u"sub item 2", subitem2)))]   
             def exit_key_handler():
                 app_lock.signal()
             appuifw.app.title = u"drawing"    
             app_lock = e32.Ao_lock()
             appuifw.app.body = ...
             appuifw.app.exit_key_handler = exit_key_handler
             app_lock.wait()
             """ description:
             # 1. import all modules needed
             import appuifw
             import e32
             # 2. set the screen size to large
             appuifw.app.screen='large'
             # 3. create your application logic ...
             # e.g. create all your definitions (functions) or classes and build instances of them or call them etc.
             # ...... application logic ....
             # 4. create the application menu including submenus
             # create the callback functions for the application menu and its submenus
             def item1():
                 print ""
                 round.set(u'item one was selected')
             def item1():
                 print "hello"
             def subitem1():
                 print "aha"
             def subitem2():
                 print "good"
             appuifw.app.menu = [(u"item 1", item1),
                                 (u"Submenu 1", ((u"sub item 1", subitem1),
                                                 (u"sub item 2", subitem2)))]
                 # 5. create and set an exit key handler
             def exit_key_handler():
                 app_lock.signal()
             # 6. set the application title
             appuifw.app.title = u"drawing"   
             # 7. crate an active objects
             app_lock = e32.Ao_lock()
             # 8. set the application body
             appuifw.app.body = ...
             # no main loop
             appuifw.app.exit_key_handler = exit_key_handler
             app_lock.wait()
             """
             ----------------------------------
             2.    with mainloop (if suitable)
             

             示例代码地址：
             http://www.mobilenin.com/pys60/info_%20how_to_build_an_pys60_app.htm