黑马程序员 C#学习笔记⑨ 序列化对象

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应用程序经常需要在硬盘上存储数据.以对象形式存储数据.

 

.NET Framework在System.Runtime.Serialization和System.runtime.Serialization.Formatters名称空间中提供了序列化对象的基础架构. 在框架中, 有一个重要的实现可用: System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.

这个名称空间包含的BinaryFormatter类能够将对象序列化为二进制数据, 也可以将二进制数据序列化为对象.

 

IFormatter接口提供了如下方法:

方法	说明
void Serialize(Stream stream,  object source)	把source序列化为stream
object Deserialize(Stream steam)	反序列化stream中的数据, 返回得到的对象

这些方法都处理流, 可以和FileStream对象联系起来.

IFormatterserializer = new BinaryFormatter();

serializer.Serialize(myStream,myObject);

反序列化同样简单:

IFormatterserializer = new BinaryFormatter();

MyObjectTypemyNewObject = serializer.Deserialize(myStream) as MyObjectType;

 

using System;

usingSystem.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

usingSystem.Threading.Tasks;

using System.IO;

usingSystem.Runtime.Serialization;

usingSystem.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;

 

namespace对象的序列化和反序列化

{

    class Program

    {

        [Serializable]

        public class Product

        {

            public long Id;

            public string Name;

            public double Price;

           

 

            [NonSerialized]

            string Notes;

 

            public Product(long id, stringname, double price, string notes)

            {

                Id = id;

                Name = name;

                Price = price;

                Notes = notes;

            }

 

            public override string ToString()

            {

                return string.Format("{0}:{1} (${2:F2}) {3}", Id, Name, Price, Notes);

            }

        }

 

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            try

            {

                //Create products.

                List<Product> products =new List<Product>();

                products.Add(new Product(1,"Spiky Pung", 1000.0, "Good Stuff."));

                products.Add(new Product(2,"Gloop Galloop Soup", 25.0, "Tasty."));

                products.Add(new Product(4,"Hat Sauce", 12.0, "One for the kids."));

               Console.WriteLine("Products to save:");

                foreach (Product product inproducts)

                {

                    Console.WriteLine(product);

                }

                Console.WriteLine();

 

                //Get serializer 获取序列化的接口

                IFormatter serializer = newBinaryFormatter();

 

                //Serialize products

                FileStream saveFile =

                    newFileStream("Products.bin", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write);

                serializer.Serialize(saveFile,products);

                saveFile.Close();

 

                //Deserilisze poducts

                FileStream loadFile =

                    newFileStream("Products.bin", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);

                List<Product>savedProducts =

                   serializer.Deserialize(loadFile) as List<Product>;

                loadFile.Close();

 

               Console.WriteLine("Products loaded:");

                foreach (Product product insavedProducts)

                {

                    Console.WriteLine(product);

                }

            }

            catch (SerializationException e)

            {

                Console.WriteLine("Aserialization exception has been thrown!");

                Console.WriteLine(e.Message); ;

            }

            catch (IOException e)

            {

                Console.WriteLine("An IOexception has been thrown!");

               Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());

            }

            Console.ReadKey();

        }

    }

}

 

.NET Framework要求把对象标记为可序列化, 才能序列化它们. 这有许多原因, 包括:

① 一些对象序列化的效果不佳. 例如, 它们需要引用只有它们本身位于内存中时才存在的本地数据.

② 一些对象包含敏感的数据, 这些数据不应该以不安全的方式保存或传送到另一个进程中. 可以使用[NonSerialized]保证不会序列化

因为序列化使用的是流, 因此能够方便操作: 诸如压缩 加密等等流操作.

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