Eureka(服务注册与发现)

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-16 08:22:55 发布

Mr_蜗牛

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-16 08:22:55 发布

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分类专栏： Spring Cloud

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u010634288/article/details/100025464

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1、概述

2、例子

1、概述

我们将一个大的系统拆分成多个服务，那么服务与服务之间难免需要进行相互的调用，如：

那么这里就会有消费者和提供者，这里的消费者是电影微服务，这里的提供者是用户微服务
服务消费者调用别的微服务的微服务
服务提供者提供API的微服务

如果我不使用服务注册与发现，那我可能需要将各个服务的IP和端口写死在代码里面，这样可维护性就比较差了。或者用一个nginx来做一个反向代理和负载均衡，这样就出现了，假如我服务一多，或者需要扩容，那么我必须修改nginx的配置然后重启，这样也不大好。于是我们可以使用使用eureka实现服务注册与发现

和dubbo的注册与发现非常类似

2、例子

1、启动eureka

2、注册服务

3、调用服务

1、启动eureka

application.yml配置

security:
  basic:
    enabled: true
  user:
    name: user
    password: password123
server:
  port: 8761
eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka

pom.xml中需要添加eureka依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<parent>
		<groupId>com.snail.cloud</groupId>
		<artifactId>microservice-spring-cloud</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>

	<artifactId>microservice-discovery-eureka</artifactId>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

</project>

最后是启动类EurekaApplication.java

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaApplication {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(EurekaApplication.class, args);
  }
}

启动后，在浏览器输入:http://localhost:8761/

DS Replicas：表示当前eureka集群有几个节点

Instances currently registered with Eureka：注册到Eureka上面的微服务

General Info：一般信息，如cpu,内存使用率等情况

Instance Info：Eureka实例信息

2、注册服务

下面我们把一个服务注册到Eureka上面去

代码如下

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<artifactId>microservice-provider-user</artifactId>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>microservice-provider-user</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>com.snail.cloud</groupId>
		<artifactId>microservice-spring-cloud</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
			<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

</project>

application.yml

server:
  port: 7900
spring:
  jpa:
    generate-ddl: false
    show-sql: true
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: none
  datasource:
    platform: h2
    schema: classpath:schema.sql
    data: classpath:data.sql
  application:
    name: microservice-provider-user
logging:
  level:
    root: INFO
    org.hibernate: INFO
    org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder: TRACE
    org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicExtractor: TRACE
    com.itmuch: DEBUG
eureka:
  client:
    healthcheck:
      enabled: true
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
    instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress}:${spring.application.instance_id:${server.port}}
    metadata-map:
      zone: ABC      # eureka可以理解的元数据
      lilizhou: BBC  # 不会影响客户端行为
    lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 5

MicroserviceSimpleProviderUserApplication.java

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class MicroserviceSimpleProviderUserApplication {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(MicroserviceSimpleProviderUserApplication.class, args);
  }
}

3、消费者调用服务

我们先启动一个消费者

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<artifactId>microservice-consumer-movie-ribbon</artifactId>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<parent>
		<groupId>com.snail.cloud</groupId>
		<artifactId>microservice-spring-cloud</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

application.yml

  application:
    name: microservice-consumer-movie-ribbon
server:
  port: 8010
eureka:
  client:
    healthcheck:
      enabled: true
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

ConsumerMovieRibbonApplication.java

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@RibbonClient(name = "microservice-provider-user", configuration = TestConfiguration.class)
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = { @ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION, value = ExcludeFromComponentScan.class) })
public class ConsumerMovieRibbonApplication {

  @Bean
  @LoadBalanced
  public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
    return new RestTemplate();
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(ConsumerMovieRibbonApplication.class, args);
  }
}

启动后看到eureka管控台出现，表示我们已经把消费者和生产者都注册到eureka中

最后我们写一个测试类

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import com.itmuch.cloud.entity.User;

@RestController
public class MovieController {
  @Autowired
  private RestTemplate restTemplate;
  @Autowired
  private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;

  @GetMapping("/movie/{id}")
  public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) {
    // http://localhost:7900/simple/
    // VIP virtual IP
    // HAProxy Heartbeat
    return this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://microservice-provider-user/simple/" + id, User.class);
  }
}

这里我们通过服务消费者调用生产者

我们这里使用了ribbon，ribbon属于客户端负载均衡，它从eureka中获取服务列表，然后，通过我们配置的负载策略进行负载均衡，原理如下

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Eureka(服务注册与发现)

1、概述2、例子1、概述我们将一个大的系统拆分成多个服务，那么服务与服务之间难免需要进行相互的调用，如：那么这里就会有消费者和提供者，这里的消费者是电影微服务，这里的提供者是用户微服务服务消费者调用别的微服务的微服务服务提供者提供API的微服务如果我不使用服务注册与发现，那我可能需要将各个服务的IP和端口写死在代码里面，这样可维护性就比较差了。或者用一个ng...
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