对华三设备日常巡检，使用python中的netmiko模块，通过线程池实现多线程执行。

import os
import sys
import time
import easygui
import netmiko
import encodings.idna
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor


def get_user_info():
    """获取用户输入信息"""
    while True:
        dev_type = str()
        # 定义用户输入的字段
        fields = ['设备厂商', '只读账号', '只读密码']
        default_values = ['H3C', '123456', 'abcd123']
        vendor, username, password = easygui.multpasswordbox('请输入用户信息', '', fields, default_values)

        # 验证用户的输入正确与否
        if not all(input_value.strip() for input_value in (vendor, username, password)):
            easygui.msgbox("\n\n输入信息不能为空。", "error", "ok")
            continue

        # 判断设备厂商
        if (vendor.strip().upper() == "H3C") or (vendor.strip() == "华三"):
            dev_type = "hp_comware"
            break
        elif (vendor.strip().upper() == "CISCO") or (vendor.strip() == "思科"):
            dev_type = "cisco_ios"
            break
        elif (vendor.strip().upper() == "HUAWEI") or (vendor.strip() == "华为"):
            dev_type = "huawei"
            break
        else:
            easygui.msgbox(f"\n\n无效的设备厂商：{vendor}", "Error", "OK")
            continue
    return dev_type, username, password


def get_resource_path(relative_path):
    """实现外部资源路径的定位"""
    # 获取当前执行文件的绝对路径
    base_path = os.path.realpath(sys.argv[0])
    # 获取非临时缓存文件路径的上一级目录,即实际resource文件夹路径
    base_dir = os.path.dirname(base_path)
    return os.path.join(base_dir, relative_path)  # 返回resources绝对路径


def get_dev_ip_info():
    """从本地文档中获取所有设备的管理地址信息"""
    ip_list = list()  # 保存设备IP地址的列表
    # 获取存放设备IP地址resource的路径
    dev_ip_path = get_resource_path(os.path.join("resources", "devs_ip.yhw"))
    try:
        # 遍历设备管理地址，并保存到列表中
        with open(dev_ip_path, mode="r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
            dev_ip_info = f.read()  # 读取设备管理地址信息
            for ip in dev_ip_info.split():  # 对读取到的管理地址进行格式清除
                ip_list.append(ip)
        ip_list = list(set(ip_list))  # 去重
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"发生错误：{e}")
    return ip_list


def make_dir():
    """创建一个文件夹,用来保存巡检数据"""
    # 获取当前日期
    date_time = time.strftime("%Y.%m.%d", time.localtime())
    # 判断当前目录下是否存在该文件目录,不存在则创建
    if not os.path.exists(f"巡检数据_{date_time}"):
        os.makedirs(f"巡检数据_{date_time}")
    file_path = f"巡检数据_{date_time}"
    return file_path  # 返回创建的文件夹相对路径


def append_to_exception_file(error_info, file_path):
    """将异常设备信息写入异常设备log文件中"""
    with open(os.path.join(file_path, "异常设备log.txt"), mode="a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        f.write(error_info + "\n" + "*" * 60 + "\n")


def create_connect_info(dev_type, ip_list, username, password):
    """整合设备厂商、用户信息、设备管理地址,满足netmiko连接设备所需的参数"""
    devs_ssh_list = list()  # 用列表保存所有设备的SSH登录参数信息
    # 用于保存单台设备的SSH登录信息的字典
    for ip in ip_list:
        devs_dict = {
            "device_type": dev_type,
            "host": ip,
            "username": username,
            "password": password,
            "conn_timeout": 20,
            "timeout": 600,
        }
        # 将字典添加到列表中
        devs_ssh_list.append(devs_dict)
    return devs_ssh_list


def connect_dev(dev_info, file_path, normal_devs_list):
    """通过SSH连接到设备，读取巡检信息并保存到本地"""
    # 获取巡检命令文件绝对路径
    comm_info_path = get_resource_path(os.path.join("resources", "com_info.yhw"))
    try:
        with netmiko.ConnectHandler(**dev_info) as conn_dev:
            # 获取设备名称
            dev_name = conn_dev.send_command("display current-configuration | include sysname").strip().split(" ")[1]
            with open(os.path.join(file_path, dev_name + ".txt"), mode="w", encoding="utf-8") as dev_file:
                with open(comm_info_path, mode="r", encoding="utf-8") as command_info:
                    for com_info in command_info:
                        """
                        strip_command=False 表示不从返回的输出中移除发送的命令; 
                        strip_prompt=False 表示不从返回的输出中移除设备的提示符;
                        read_timeout=300 表示读取超时为300秒
                        """
                        dev_file.write(
                            conn_dev.send_command(com_info, strip_command=False, strip_prompt=False, read_timeout=300))
            normal_devs_list.append(dev_info["host"])
            print(f"设备{dev_name}命令配置收集完成")
    except netmiko.NetMikoAuthenticationException as e:
        print(f"设备{dev_info['host']}身份认证失败,请确认用户名和密码是否正确")
        append_to_exception_file(f"设备{dev_info['host']}身份认证失败，错误信息:\n{e}", file_path)
    except netmiko.NetMikoTimeoutException as e:
        print(f"设备{dev_info['host']}连接超时")
        append_to_exception_file(f"设备{dev_info['host']}连接超时，错误信息:\n{e}", file_path)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"无法连接到设备{dev_info['host']}")
        append_to_exception_file(f"无法连接到设备{dev_info['host']}，错误信息:\n{e}", file_path)


def thread_pool_ssh(devs_ssh_list, file_path, normal_devs_list):
    """多线程执行SSH连接"""
    print("信息收集中......", "\n")
    with ThreadPoolExecutor(5) as pool:
        for dev_info in devs_ssh_list:
            pool.submit(connect_dev, dev_info, file_path, normal_devs_list)


def main():
    """主函数"""
    normal_devs_list = list()  # 统计正常设备数量
    dev_type, username, password = get_user_info()  # 获取用户输入的设备厂商、用户名、密码
    start_time = time.time()  # 记录程序开始时间
    ip_list = get_dev_ip_info()  # 获取设备管理地址信息
    file_path = make_dir()  # 创建一个文件夹，用来保存巡检数据
    # 整合设备厂商、用户信息、设备管理地址,满足netmiko连接设备所需的参数
    devs_ssh_list = create_connect_info(dev_type, ip_list, username, password)
    thread_pool_ssh(devs_ssh_list, file_path, normal_devs_list)  # 开启多线程，并发执行SSH连接
    end_time = time.time()  # 程序结束时间
    used_time = int(end_time - start_time)  # 耗时时间
    # 提示退出系统
    while 1:
        res_info = easygui.msgbox(
            f"设备巡检信息收集完成。\n\n\n本次巡检共涉及{len(ip_list)}台设备，正常收集{len(normal_devs_list)}台,存在连接异常设备{len(ip_list) - len(normal_devs_list)}台，共计用时{used_time}秒。\n\n\n异常设备信息请查看'异常设备log'文档,确认无误后可退出！",
            "收集完成提示信息", "退出")
        if res_info == '退出':
            break


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print("华三设备display命令收集工具", "\n", "编辑：YHW", "\n", "联系方式：136****0032", sep="")
    print("*" * 40)
    main()