前面一篇文章我介绍了Gson的解析的基本方法。但我们在享受Gson解析的高度封装带来的便利时,有时可能会遇到一些特殊情况,比如json数据中的字段key是动态可变的时候,由于Gson是使用静态注解的方式来设置实体对象的,因此我们很难直接对返回的类型来判断。但Gson在解析过程中如果不知道解析的字段,就会将所有变量存储在一个Map中,我们只要实例化这个map就能动态地取出key和value了。
先给出一段jsondata,这是天气预报的数据,其中day_20151002这种key是随日期而变化的,在实体类中就不能当做静态变量来处理,我们就通过map来取出其映射对象。
- { "resultcode":"200","reason":"successed!",
- "result":{
- "sk":{
- "temp":"24","wind_direction":"东北风","wind_strength":"2级","humidity":"28%","time":"17:38"
- },
- "today":{
- "temperature":"15℃~26℃","weather":"多云转晴","wind":"东北风微风","week":"星期日","city":"桂林","date_y":"2015年10月11日","dressing_index":"舒适","dressing_advice":"建议着长袖T恤、衬衫加单裤等服装。年老体弱者宜着针织长袖衬衫、马甲和长裤。","uv_index":"弱","comfort_index":"","wash_index":"较适宜","travel_index":"较适宜","exercise_index":"较适宜","drying_index":""
- },
- "future":{
- "day_20151011":{"temperature":"15℃~26℃","weather":"多云转晴","wind":"东北风微风","week":"星期日","date":"20151011"},
- "day_20151012":{"temperature":"16℃~27℃","weather":"晴转多云","wind":"微风","week":"星期一","date":"20151012"},
- "day_20151013":{"temperature":"16℃~26℃","weather":"多云转晴",,"wind":"微风","week":"星期二","date":"20151013"},
- "day_20151014":{"temperature":"17℃~27℃","weather":"晴","wind":"北风微风","week":"星期三","date":"20151014"},
- "day_20151015":{"temperature":"17℃~28℃","weather":"晴","wind":"北风微风","week":"星期四","date":"20151015"},
- "day_20151016":{"temperature":"17℃~30℃","weather":"晴","wind":"北风微风","week":"星期五","date":"20151016"},
- "day_20151017":{"temperature":"17℃~30℃","weather":"晴","wind":"北风微风","week":"星期六","date":"20151017"}
- }
- },
- "error_code":0
- }
实体类中放上set、get和toString方法就太长了,这里就没有加上去。
- public class FutureDay {
- private String temperature;
- private String weather;
- private String wind;
- private String week;
- private String date;
- }
- public class Result {
- private Sk sk;
- private Today today;
- private Map<String,FutureDay> future;
- }
- public class Sk {
- private String temp;
- private String wind_direction;
- private String wind_strength;
- private String humidity;
- private String time;
- }
- public class Today {
- private String temperature;
- private String weather;
- private String week;
- private String city;
- private String date_y;
- private String dressing_index;
- private String dressing_advice;
- private String uv_index;
- private String comfort_index;
- private String wash_index;
- private String travel_index;
- private String exercise_index;
- private String drying_index;
- }
- public class Response {
- private String resultcode;
- private String reason;
- private String error_code;
- private Result result;
- }
- import java.io.BufferedReader;
- import java.io.FileReader;
- import java.util.Map;
- import weather.*;
- import com.google.gson.Gson;
-
-
- public class GsonParseDynamicKey {
- public static void main( String args []){
- String jsondata = readJsonFile();
- Gson gson = new Gson();
- System.out.println("Start Gson parse jsondata");
- Response response = gson.fromJson(jsondata, Response.class);
- System.out.println(response.toString());
- System.out.println(response.getResult().getSk().toString());
- System.out.println(response.getResult().getToday().toString());
-
- Map<String, FutureDay> future = response.getResult().getFuture();
- System.out.println("Keyset method");
- for (String key:future.keySet()){
- System.out.println("key:"+key);
- System.out.println(future.get(key).toString());
- }
-
- System.out.println("Entryset method");
- for (Map.Entry<String,FutureDay> pair:future.entrySet()){
- System.out.println("key:"+pair.getKey());
- System.out.println(pair.getValue().toString());
- }
- }
这里顺便一提遍历Map的两种方法keySet(),entrySet()的差别。
keySet()方法返回的是key的集合set,entrySet()返回的是键值对的集合set。虽然两者从set遍历取出元素的方法是一样的,但是根据这个元素取出value的效率有些不同。前者取出的元素是key,还要去原map中遍历取出value。
后者取出的元素是键值对,直接调用getkey(),getvalue()方法就能快速取出key和value。显然在map中存在大量键值对时,使用entrySet()来取出value的效率更高。
下面是最后打印出来的结果。
工程源码的下载地址点击打开链接