什么场景应该用 MongoDB ？

案例1

用在应用服务器的日志记录，查找起来比文本灵活，导出也很方便。也是给应用练手，从外围系统开始使用MongoDB。 用在一些第三方信息的获取或者抓取，因为MongoDB的schema-less，所有格式灵活，不用为了各种格式不一样的信息专门设计统一的格式，极大的减少开发的工作。

springboot+mongodb实现

一、pom文件配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.9.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>org.tree</groupId>
    <artifactId>learn-demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>learn-demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

二、application.properties文件，配置mongodb得连接信息

# 这个值获得当前电脑的是当前电脑用户名称，不是"xxx"
user.name=xxx
# mongodb 配置
spring.data.mongodb.authentication-database=admin
spring.data.mongodb.database=mydb
spring.data.mongodb.username=admin
spring.data.mongodb.password=123456
spring.data.mongodb.host=localhost
spring.data.mongodb.port=27017

三、使用@Aspect实现记录Web日志

3.1 获得ip工具类

package org.tree.learndemo.utils;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

/**
 * @author zhong
 * @version 1
 * @date 2021/03/02
 * @contact 1478168700@qq.com
 **/
public class CommonUtils {
    /**
     * 默认IP地址
     */
    public final static String ERROR_IP = "127.0.0.1";

    public static String getUserIP(HttpServletRequest request) {
        // 优先取 X-Real-IP
        String ip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
        }

        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
            if ("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1".equals(ip)) {
                ip = ERROR_IP;
            }
        }
        if ("unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = ERROR_IP;
            return ip;
        }
        int index = ip.indexOf(',');
        if (index >= 0) {
            ip = ip.substring(0, index);
        }

        return ip;
    }
}

3.2切面类 

package org.tree.learndemo.aop;

import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
import org.tree.learndemo.domain.LogBean;
import org.tree.learndemo.utils.CommonUtils;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @author zhong
 * @version 1
 * @date 2021/03/02
 * @contact 1478168700@qq.com
 **/
@Component
@Aspect
public class MongoDbLogAspect {

    @Autowired
    private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;

    //切点的注解  是指那些方法需要被执行"AOP"
    @Pointcut("execution(* org.tree.learndemo.web..*.*(..))")
    public void logPoinCut() {
    }//定义一个切入点

    //返回后通知value="logPoinCut()"是指通知是在logPoinCut()切点返回后通知的
    //returning="rtv"是返回值
    //@AfterReturning这个注解是返回后通知的注解

    @AfterReturning(value = "logPoinCut()", returning = "rtv")
    //JoinPoint是连接点的意思我们要获取到的如类名，方法名，请求参数等都是从连接点中取出来的
    public void afterLog(JoinPoint joinpoint, Object rtv) {

        LogBean logBean = new LogBean();

        logBean.setCreateDate(new Date());
        //获取类名
        String classname = joinpoint.getTarget().getClass().getSimpleName();
        logBean.setClassName(classname);
        //获取方法名
        String method = joinpoint.getSignature().getName();
        logBean.setMethod(method);

        //获取请求参数
        String reqparam = Arrays.toString(joinpoint.getArgs());
        logBean.setReqParam(reqparam);


        //获取request对象
        ServletRequestAttributes requestAttributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        HttpServletRequest request = requestAttributes.getRequest();

        //获取ip地址是封装好的一个类
        String ip = CommonUtils.getUserIP(request);
        logBean.setIp(ip);

        /*	UserBean user = (UserBean) request.getSession().getAttribute("user");
		if(user!=null){
			logBean.setUserId(user.getId());
		}*/
        //保存mongodb
        mongoTemplate.save(logBean);
    }
}

3.3日志bean

package org.tree.learndemo.domain;

import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;

import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @author zhong
 * @version 1
 * @date 2021/03/02
 * @contact 1478168700@qq.com
 **/
@Document(collection = "logs")
public class LogBean {

    private String id;

    private Integer userId;
    private String username;
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
    private Date createDate;
    private String ip;
    private String className;//类名
    private String method;//方法名
    private String reqParam;//请求参数

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public Integer getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public Date getCreateDate() {
        return createDate;
    }

    public void setCreateDate(Date createDate) {
        this.createDate = createDate;
    }

    public String getIp() {
        return ip;
    }

    public void setIp(String ip) {
        this.ip = ip;
    }

    public String getClassName() {
        return className;
    }

    public void setClassName(String className) {
        this.className = className;
    }

    public String getMethod() {
        return method;
    }

    public void setMethod(String method) {
        this.method = method;
    }

    public String getReqParam() {
        return reqParam;
    }

    public void setReqParam(String reqParam) {
        this.reqParam = reqParam;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "LogBean{" +
                "id='" + id + '\'' +
                ", userId=" + userId +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", createDate=" + createDate +
                ", ip='" + ip + '\'' +
                ", className='" + className + '\'' +
                ", method='" + method + '\'' +
                ", reqParam='" + reqParam + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

 

 四、效果

 

案例2

mongodb之前有用过，主要用来存储一些监控数据，No schema 对开发人员来说，真的很方便，增加字段不用改表结构，而且学习成本极低。

案例3

使用MongoDB做了O2O快递应用，·将送快递骑手、快递商家的信息（包含位置信息）存储在 MongoDB，然后通过 MongoDB 的地理位置查询，这样很方便的实现了查找附近的商家、骑手等功能，使得快递骑手能就近接单，目前在使用MongoDB 上没遇到啥大的问题，官网的文档比较详细，很给力。