C#/Java 调用WSDL接口及方法

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-05 17:46:49 发布

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分类专栏： C# WebService 总结文章标签： WebService wsdl C# java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u010678947/article/details/48634051

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一、C#利用vs里面自带的“添加web引用”功能：

1.首先需要清楚WSDL的引用地址
如：http://www.webxml.com.cn/Webservices/WeatherWebService.asmx

2.在.Net项目中，添加web引用。

3.在弹出页面中，输入URL->点击点击绿色图标（前往）按钮->自定义引用名->点击添加引用

4.添加成功，查看类中可调用的方法：

5.在项目中，调用wsdl中的方法。

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            testWS2.Weather.WeatherWebService objWeather = new Weather.WeatherWebService(); 
            string strCityName = "上海";
            string[] arrWeather = objWeather.getWeatherbyCityName(strCityName);
            MessageBox.Show(arrWeather[10]);
        }

6.注意事项：
（1）如果看不到第四步类，点击项目上面的“显示所有文件”图标按钮；
（2）如果目标框架.NET Framework 4.0生成的第四步类无可调用的方法，可以试一下“.NET Framework 2.0”；

二、C# .Net采用GET/POST/SOAP方式动态调用WebService的简易灵活方法

参考：http://blog.csdn.net/chlyzone/article/details/8210718
这个类有三个公用的方法： QuerySoapWebService为通用的采用Soap方式调用WebService，QueryGetWebService采用GET方式调用，QueryPostWebService采用POST方式调用，后两个方法需要WebService服务器支持相应的调用方式。三个方法的参数和返回值相同：URL为Webservice的Url地址(以.asmx结尾的)；MethodName为要调用的方法名称；Pars为参数表，它的Key为参数名称，Value为要传递的参数的值,Value可为任意对象，前提是这个对象可以被xml序列化。注意方法名称、参数名称、参数个数必须完全匹配才能正确调用。第一次以Soap方式调用时，因为需要查询WSDL获取xmlns，因此需要时间相对长些，第二次调用不用再读WSDL，直接从缓存读取。这三个方法的返回值均为XmlDocument对象，这个返回的对象可以进行各种灵活的操作。最常用的一个SelectSingleNode方法，可以让你一步定位到Xml的任何节点，再读取它的文本或属性。也可以直接调用Save保存到磁盘。采用Soap方式调用时，根结点名称固定为root。
这个类主要是利用了WebRequest/WebResponse来完成各种网络查询操作。为了精简明了，这个类中没有添加错误处理，需要在调用的地方设置异常捕获。

using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Xml;
using System.Collections;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

//By huangz 2008-3-19

/**/
/// <summary>
///  利用WebRequest/WebResponse进行WebService调用的类,By 同济黄正 http://hz932.ys168.com 2008-3-19
/// </summary>
public class WebSvcCaller
{
    //<webServices>
    //  <protocols>
    //    <add name="HttpGet"/>
    //    <add name="HttpPost"/>
    //  </protocols>
    //</webServices>

    private static Hashtable _xmlNamespaces = new Hashtable();//缓存xmlNamespace，避免重复调用GetNamespace

    /**/
    /// <summary>
    /// 需要WebService支持Post调用
    /// </summary>
    public static XmlDocument QueryPostWebService(String URL, String MethodName, Hashtable Pars)
    {
        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL + "/" + MethodName);
        request.Method = "POST";
        request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
        SetWebRequest(request);
        byte[] data = EncodePars(Pars);
        WriteRequestData(request, data);

        return ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());
    }
    /**/
    /// <summary>
    /// 需要WebService支持Get调用
    /// </summary>
    public static XmlDocument QueryGetWebService(String URL, String MethodName, Hashtable Pars)
    {
        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL + "/" + MethodName + "?" + ParsToString(Pars));
        request.Method = "GET";
        request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
        SetWebRequest(request);
        return ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());
    }

    /**/
    /// <summary>
    /// 通用WebService调用(Soap),参数Pars为String类型的参数名、参数值
    /// </summary>
    public static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String URL, String MethodName, Hashtable Pars)
    {
        if (_xmlNamespaces.ContainsKey(URL))
        {
            return QuerySoapWebService(URL, MethodName, Pars, _xmlNamespaces[URL].ToString());
        }
        else
        {
            return QuerySoapWebService(URL, MethodName, Pars, GetNamespace(URL));
        }
    }

    private static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String URL, String MethodName, Hashtable Pars, string XmlNs)
    {    
        _xmlNamespaces[URL] = XmlNs;//加入缓存，提高效率
        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL);
        request.Method = "POST";
        request.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8";
        request.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", "\"" + XmlNs + (XmlNs.EndsWith("/") ? "" : "/") + MethodName + "\"");
        SetWebRequest(request);
        byte[] data = EncodeParsToSoap(Pars, XmlNs, MethodName);
        WriteRequestData(request, data);
        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(), doc2 = new XmlDocument();
        doc = ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());

        XmlNamespaceManager mgr = new XmlNamespaceManager(doc.NameTable);
        mgr.AddNamespace("soap", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");
        String RetXml = doc.SelectSingleNode("//soap:Body/*/*", mgr).InnerXml;
        doc2.LoadXml("<root>" + RetXml + "</root>");
        AddDelaration(doc2);
        return doc2;
    }

    private static string GetNamespace(String URL)
    {
        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(URL + "?WSDL");
        SetWebRequest(request);
        WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
        StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
        doc.LoadXml(sr.ReadToEnd());
        sr.Close();
        return doc.SelectSingleNode("//@targetNamespace").Value;
    }

    private static byte[] EncodeParsToSoap(Hashtable Pars, String XmlNs, String MethodName)
    {
        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
        doc.LoadXml("<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\"></soap:Envelope>");
        AddDelaration(doc);
        XmlElement soapBody = doc.CreateElement("soap", "Body", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");
        XmlElement soapMethod = doc.CreateElement(MethodName);
        soapMethod.SetAttribute("xmlns", XmlNs);
        foreach (string k in Pars.Keys)
        {
            XmlElement soapPar = doc.CreateElement(k);
            soapPar.InnerXml = ObjectToSoapXml(Pars[k]);
            soapMethod.AppendChild(soapPar);
        }
        soapBody.AppendChild(soapMethod);
        doc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(soapBody);
        return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(doc.OuterXml);
    }

    private static string ObjectToSoapXml(object o)
    {
        XmlSerializer mySerializer = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType());
        MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
        mySerializer.Serialize(ms, o);
        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
        doc.LoadXml(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()));
        if (doc.DocumentElement != null)
        {
            return doc.DocumentElement.InnerXml;
        }
        else
        {
            return o.ToString();
        }
    }

    private static void SetWebRequest(HttpWebRequest request)
    {
        request.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
        request.Timeout = 10000;
    }

    private static void WriteRequestData(HttpWebRequest request, byte[] data)
    {
        request.ContentLength = data.Length;
        Stream writer = request.GetRequestStream();
        writer.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
        writer.Close();
    }

    private static byte[] EncodePars(Hashtable Pars)
    {
        return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(ParsToString(Pars));
    }

    private static String ParsToString(Hashtable Pars)
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (string k in Pars.Keys)
        {
            if (sb.Length > 0)
            {
                sb.Append("&");
            }
            sb.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(k) + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(Pars[k].ToString()));
        }
        return sb.ToString();
    }

    private static XmlDocument ReadXmlResponse(WebResponse response)
    {
        StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
        String retXml = sr.ReadToEnd();
        sr.Close();
        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
        doc.LoadXml(retXml);
        return doc;
    }

    private static void AddDelaration(XmlDocument doc)
    {
        XmlDeclaration decl = doc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", null);
        doc.InsertBefore(decl, doc.DocumentElement);
    }
}

调用：

        void btnTest2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                Hashtable pars = new Hashtable();
                String Url = "http://www.webxml.com.cn/Webservices/WeatherWebService.asmx";
                XmlDocument doc = WebSvcCaller.QuerySoapWebService(Url, "getSupportProvince", pars);
                Response.Write(doc.OuterXml);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Response.Write(ex.Message);
            }
        }

三、Java使用SOAP调用webservice实例解析

参照：http://www.cnblogs.com/linjiqin/archive/2012/05/07/2488880.html

1.webservice提供方：http://www.webxml.com.cn/zh_cn/index.aspx
2.下面我们以“获得腾讯QQ在线状态”为例。
[http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/qqOnlineWebService.asmx?op=qqCheckOnline] 点击前面的网址，查看对应参数信息。

3.Java程序

package com.test.qqwstest;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

public class JxSendSmsTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		sendSms();
	}
    /**
     * 获得腾讯QQ在线状态
     *
     * 输入参数：QQ号码 String，默认QQ号码：8698053。返回数据：String，Y = 在线；N = 离线；E = QQ号码错误；A = 商业用户验证失败；V = 免费用户超过数量
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void sendSms() {
        try{
        	String qqCode = "2379538089";//qq号码
            String urlString = "http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/qqOnlineWebService.asmx";
            String xml = JxSendSmsTest.class.getClassLoader().getResource("SendInstantSms.xml").getFile();
            String xmlFile=replace(xml, "qqCodeTmp", qqCode).getPath();
            String soapActionString = "http://WebXml.com.cn/qqCheckOnline";
            URL url = new URL(urlString);
            HttpURLConnection httpConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            File fileToSend = new File(xmlFile);
            byte[] buf = new byte[(int) fileToSend.length()];
            new FileInputStream(xmlFile).read(buf);
            httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(buf.length));
            httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset=utf-8");
            httpConn.setRequestProperty("soapActionString", soapActionString);
            httpConn.setRequestMethod("POST");
            httpConn.setDoOutput(true);
            httpConn.setDoInput(true);
            OutputStream out = httpConn.getOutputStream();
            out.write(buf);
            out.close();

            byte[] datas=readInputStream(httpConn.getInputStream());
            String result=new String(datas);
            //打印返回结果
            System.out.println("result:" + result);
        }
        catch(Exception e){
        	System.out.println("result:error!");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 文件内容替换
     * 
     * @param inFileName 源文件
     * @param from
     * @param to
     * @return 返回替换后文件
     * @throws IOException
     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
     */
    public static File replace(String inFileName, String from, String to)
            throws IOException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
        File inFile = new File(inFileName);
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                new FileInputStream(inFile), "utf-8"));
        File outFile = new File(inFile + ".tmp");
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(
                new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(outFile), "utf-8")));
        String reading;
        while ((reading = in.readLine()) != null) {
            out.println(reading.replaceAll(from, to));
        }
        out.close();
        in.close();
        //infile.delete(); //删除源文件
        //outfile.renameTo(infile); //对临时文件重命名
        return outFile;
    }
    
    /**
     * 从输入流中读取数据
     * @param inStream
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] readInputStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{
        ByteArrayOutputStream outStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int len = 0;
        while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){
            outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
        }
        byte[] data = outStream.toByteArray();//网页的二进制数据
        outStream.close();
        inStream.close();
        return data;
    }
}

4、SendInstantSms.xml文件如下，放在src目录下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
  <soap:Body>
    <qqCheckOnline xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">
      <qqCode>qqCodeTmp</qqCode>
    </qqCheckOnline>
  </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

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C#/Java 调用WSDL接口及方法

C#/Java 调用WSDL接口及方法：一、C#利用vs里面自带的“添加web引用”功能；二、C# .Net采用GET/POST/SOAP方式动态调用WebService的简易灵活方法；三、Java使用SOAP调用WSDL接口及方法；（一个QQ例子）
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