Java代码实现依赖注入

(转载)http://zhangjunhd.blog.51cto.com/113473/126545

这里将模仿Spring实现一种基于xml配置文件的 依赖注入机制。文件中将实现3中注入,一是单值注入,包括int,float,double,char等,也包括String注入;二是Java容器注入,包括List,Set,Map三种容器的注入,最后一种是java bean对象注入。
实现的机制是,使用 Dom4j对xml配置文件进行解析,这里使用dom4j的Element Handler机制,一种类似与责任链模式的实现机制;对于java对象的构建使用反射机制,这里主要是针对得到的类的Field进行set赋值。我试图通过调用Method的invoke方法调用类本身的setter方法,但是由于通过xml解析得到的值都是String,如果将这些String动态的转换为相应的确定类型是个难点,Method的invoke方法,如果形参是int,而传入java.lang.Integer,它不会认,所以尝试失败,只能通过Field的set方法传入特定值。
 
配置文件setting.xml
<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
 
< beans >
     < bean  id = "me"  class = "com.zj.ioc.di.imp.Person" >
        < property  name = "name" >
            < value > ZJ </ value >
        </ property >
        < property  name = "age" >
            < value > 26 </ value >
        </ property >
        < property  name = "height" >
            < value > 1.78 </ value >
        </ property >
     </ bean >
     < bean  id = "you"  class = "com.zj.ioc.di.imp.Person" >
        < property  name = "name" >
            < value > Mary </ value >
        </ property >
        < property  name = "age" >
            < value > 27 </ value >
        </ property >
        < property  name = "height" >
            < value > 1.66 </ value >
        </ property >
     </ bean >
     < bean  id = "myList"  class = "com.zj.ioc.di.imp.ListOne" >
        < property  name = "msg" >
            < list >
               < value > java </ value >
               < value > c </ value >
               < value > windows </ value >
            </ list >
        </ property >
     </ bean >
     < bean  id = "mySet"  class = "com.zj.ioc.di.imp.SetOne" >
        < property  name = "msg" >
            < set >
               < value > tom </ value >
               < value > cat </ value >
               < value > dog </ value >
            </ set >
        </ property >
     </ bean >
     < bean  id = "myMap"  class = "com.zj.ioc.di.imp.MapOne" >
        < property  name = "msg" >
            < map >
               < entry  key = "c" >
                   < value > CHINA </ value >
               </ entry >
               < entry  key = "j" >
                   < value > JAPAN </ value >
               </ entry >
               < entry  key = "k" >
                   < value > KOREA </ value >
               </ entry >
            </ map >
        </ property >
     </ bean >
     < bean  id = "us"  class = "com.zj.ioc.di.imp.Persons" >
        < property  name = "i" >
            < ref  bean = "me"  />
        </ property >
        < property  name = "u" >
            < ref  bean = "you"  />
        </ property >
     </ bean >
</ beans >
 
依据setting.xml,这里将构建两个Person类的实例me和you:
Person.java
package  com.zj.ioc.di.imp;
 
public   class  Person {
     private  String  name ;
     private   int   age ;
     private   float   height ;
 
     public  String getName() { return   name ;}
     public   void  setName(String name) { this . name  = name;}
     public   int  getAge() { return   age ;}
     public   void  setAge( int  age) { this . age  = age;}
     public   float  getHeight() { return   height ;}
     public   void  setHeight( float  height) { this . height  = height;}
}
紧接着,构建一个ListOne的实例myList:
ListOne.java
package  com.zj.ioc.di.imp;
import  java.util.List;
 
public   class  ListOne {
     private  List<String>  msg ;
 
     public  List<String> getMsg() { return   msg ;}
     public   void  setMsg(List<String> msg) { this . msg  = msg;}
}
紧接着,构建一个SetOne的实例mySet:
SetOne.java
package  com.zj.ioc.di.imp;
import  java.util.Set;
 
public   class  SetOne {
     private  Set<String>  msg ;
 
     public  Set<String> getMsg() { return   msg ;}
     public   void  setMsg(Set<String> msg) { this . msg  = msg;}
}
紧接着,构建一个MapOne的实例myMap:
MapOne.java
package  com.zj.ioc.di.imp;
import  java.util.Map;
 
public   class  MapOne {
     private  Map<String,String>  msg ;
 
     public  Map<String, String> getMsg() { return   msg ;}
     public   void  setMsg(Map<String, String> msg) { this . msg  = msg;}
}
最后构建一个Persons类的实例us,其中包含me和you两个已经构建好的对象:
Persons.java
package  com.zj.ioc.di.imp;
 
public   class  Persons {
     private  Person  i ;
     private  Person  u ;
   
     public  Person getI() { return   i ;}
     public   void  setI(Person i) { this . i  = i;}
     public  Person getU() { return   u ;}
     public   void  setU(Person u) { this . u  = u;}
}
 
主要的实现机制是(代码BeanFactory.java以及工程见附件),
1.通过一个HashMap保存构造好的对象,key就是bean的id属性,value就是这个对象;
private  Map<String, Object>  beanMap  =  new  HashMap<String, Object>();
……
public  Object getBean(String beanId) {
    Object obj =  beanMap .get(beanId);
     return  obj;
}
查询时
BeanFactory factory =  new  BeanFactory();
factory.init( "setting.xml" );
Person p1 = (Person) factory.getBean( "me" );
 
2.init方法读入配置文件setting.xml,并直接定位到beans下的bean元素,并实例化一个ElementHandler对其处理。
public   void  init(String xmlUri)  throws  Exception {
    SAXReader saxReader =  new  SAXReader();
    File file =  new  File(xmlUri);
     try  {
       saxReader.addHandler( "/beans/bean" new  BeanHandler());
       saxReader.read(file);
    catch  (DocumentException e) {
       System. out .println(e.getMessage());
    }
}
 
3.ElementHandler,dom4j的ElementHandler接口有两个方法,一个是onStart(),它主要用于处理该元素的属性以及动态增加新的Handler类;另一个是onEnd(),它主要用于获得该元素的Text文本以及删除已添加的Handler。
BeanHandler
private   class  BeanHandler  implements  ElementHandler {
    Object  obj  =  null ;
 
     public   void  .Start(ElementPath path) {
       Element beanElement = path.getCurrent();
       Attribute classAttribute = beanElement.attribute( "class" );
 
       Class<?> bean =  null ;
        try  {
           bean = Class. forName(classAttribute.getText());
       catch  (ClassNotFoundException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
       Field fields[] = bean.getDeclaredFields();
       Map<String, Field> mapField =  new  HashMap<String, Field>();
        for  (Field field : fields)
           mapField.put(field.getName(), field);
        try  {
            obj  = bean.newInstance();
       catch  (InstantiationException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       catch  (IllegalAccessException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
 
       path.addHandler( "property" new  PropertyHandler(mapField,  obj ));
    }
 
     public   void  .End(ElementPath path) {
       Element beanElement = path.getCurrent();
       Attribute idAttribute = beanElement.attribute( "id" );
        beanMap .put(idAttribute.getText(),  obj );
       path.removeHandler( "property" );
    }
}
   
PropertyHandler
private   class  PropertyHandler  implements  ElementHandler {
    Map<String, Field>  mapField ;
    Object  obj ;
 
     public  PropertyHandler(Map<String, Field> mapField, Object obj) {
        this . mapField  = mapField;
        this . obj  = obj;
    }
 
     public   void  .Start(ElementPath path) {
       Element propertyElement = path.getCurrent();
       Attribute nameAttribute = propertyElement.attribute( "name" );
       path.addHandler( "value" new  ValueHandler( mapField obj ,
              nameAttribute));
       path.addHandler( "list" new  ListHandler( mapField obj ,
              nameAttribute));
       path.addHandler( "set" new  SetHandler( mapField obj ,
              nameAttribute));
       path.addHandler( "map" new  MapHandler( mapField obj ,
              nameAttribute));
       path.addHandler( "ref" new  RefHandler( mapField obj ,
              nameAttribute));
    }
 
     public   void  .End(ElementPath path) {
       path.removeHandler( "value" );
       path.removeHandler( "list" );
       path.removeHandler( "set" );
       path.removeHandler( "map" );
       path.removeHandler( "ref" );
    }
}
 
根据setting.xml,我们可以得到各种注入元素的Handler类处理流程图。
 
4.  setFieldValue()基于反射机制和相应的类信息得到Field的类型,并根据setting.xml设置它的值。
private   void  setFieldValue(Object obj, Field field, String value) {
    String fieldType = field.getType().getSimpleName();
     try  {
        if  (fieldType.equals( "int" ))
           field.setInt(obj,  new  Integer(value));
        else   if  (fieldType.equals( "float" ))
           field.setFloat(obj,  new  Float(value));
        else   if  (fieldType.equals( "boolean" ))
           field.setBoolean(obj,  new  Boolean(value));
        else   if  (fieldType.equals( "char" ))
           field.setChar(obj, value.charAt(0));
        else   if  (fieldType.equals( "double" ))
           field.setDouble(obj,  new  Double(value));
        else   if  (fieldType.equals( "long" ))
           field.setLong(obj,  new  Long(value));
        else
           field.set(obj, value);
    catch  (IllegalArgumentException e) {
       e.printStackTrace();
    catch  (IllegalAccessException e) {
       e.printStackTrace();
    }
}
 
private   void  setFieldValue(Object obj, Field field, List<String> value) {
     try  {
       field.set(obj, value);
    catch  (IllegalArgumentException e) {
       e.printStackTrace();
    catch  (IllegalAccessException e) {
       e.printStackTrace();
    }
}
 
5.测试
public   static   void  main(String[] args) {
     try  {
       BeanFactory factory =  new  BeanFactory();
       factory.init( "setting.xml" );
 
       Person p1 = (Person) factory.getBean( "me" );
       System. out .print(p1.getName() +  " " );
       System. out .print(p1.getAge() +  " " );
       System. out .println(p1.getHeight());
 
       Person p2 = (Person) factory.getBean( "you" );
       System. out .print(p2.getName() +  " " );
       System. out .print(p2.getAge() +  " " );
       System. out .println(p2.getHeight());
 
       ListOne list = (ListOne) factory.getBean( "myList" );
       System. out .println(list.getMsg());
 
       SetOne set = (SetOne) factory.getBean( "mySet" );
       System. out .println(set.getMsg());
 
       MapOne map = (MapOne) factory.getBean( "myMap" );
       System. out .println(map.getMsg());
 
       Persons us = (Persons) factory.getBean( "us" );
       System. out .println(us.getI());
       System. out .println(us.getU());
    catch  (Exception e) {
       e.printStackTrace();
    }
}
测试结果:
ZJ 26 1.78
Mary 27 1.66
[java, c, windows]
[cat, tom, dog]
{c=CHINA, j=JAPAN, k=KOREA}
com.zj.ioc.di.imp.Person@1a5ab41
com.zj.ioc.di.imp.Person@18e3e60

本文出自 “子 孑” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://zhangjunhd.blog.51cto.com/113473/126545


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