mongodb基本命令和CURD操作

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-07 19:09:44 发布
最新推荐文章于 2022-04-07 19:09:44 发布
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分类专栏： mongodb 文章标签： mongodb mongodb基本命令 mongodbCURD mongodb增删查改 非关系数据库
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一，基本命令：

1，查看所有数据库：show dbs                 

2，选择数据库  use dbName,如果数据库不存在，则会新建数据库 

3，查看所有数据库相关的操作（类似javascript函数） db.help()

使用db.help()得到数据库所有操作如下： > db.help()
DB methods:
        db.addUser(userDocument)
        db.adminCommand(nameOrDocument) - switches to 'admin' db, and runs command [ just calls db.r
unCommand(...) ]
        db.auth(username, password)
        db.cloneDatabase(fromhost) copy database
        db.commandHelp(name) returns the help for the command
        db.copyDatabase(fromdb, todb, fromhost)
        db.createCollection(name, { size : ..., capped : ..., max : ... } ) 创建集合
        db.currentOp() displays currently executing operations in the db
        db.dropDatabase() drop database
        db.eval(func, args) run code server-side
        db.fsyncLock() flush data to disk and lock server for backups
        db.fsyncUnlock() unlocks server following a db.fsyncLock()
        db.getCollection(cname) same as db['cname'] or db.cname
        db.getCollectionNames() 得到数据库中所有集合的名字
        db.getLastError() - just returns the err msg string
        db.getLastErrorObj() - return full status object
        db.getMongo() get the server connection object
        db.getMongo().setSlaveOk() allow queries on a replication slave server
        db.getName() 得到数据库名字
        db.getPrevError()
        db.getProfilingLevel() - deprecated
        db.getProfilingStatus() - returns if profiling is on and slow threshold
        db.getReplicationInfo()
        db.getSiblingDB(name) get the db at the same server as this one
        db.hostInfo() get details about the server's host
        db.isMaster() check replica primary status
        db.killOp(opid) kills the current operation in the db
        db.listCommands() lists all the db commands
        db.loadServerScripts() loads all the scripts in db.system.js
        db.logout()
        db.printCollectionStats() 显示所有集合信息
        db.printReplicationInfo()
        db.printShardingStatus() 查看分片信息
        db.printSlaveReplicationInfo()
        db.removeUser(username)
        db.repairDatabase()
        db.resetError()
        db.runCommand(cmdObj) run a database command.  if cmdObj is a string, turns it into { cmdObj
 : 1 }
        db.serverStatus() 查看服务器信息
        db.setProfilingLevel(level,<slowms>) 0=off 1=slow 2=all
        db.setVerboseShell(flag) display extra information in shell output
        db.shutdownServer()
        db.stats() 查看数据库相关信息
        db.version() current version of the server
>


4，删除数据库  db.dropDatabase()

5，查看所有集合  show collections

6，新建集合   db.collectionName.insert({_id:123})  当向不存在的集合中插入对象时，会新建集合对象  也可以使用db.createCollection("users")创建集合

7，删除集合  db.collectionName.drop()  删除集合

8，显示集合所有对象： db.collectionName.find()

9, 删除集合所有对象： db.collectionName.remove()  只是删除集合中的所有数据，但是集合和相应的索引都还是存在的

二 mongdb  的CURD 相关操作

1，添加操作

1.1，单个添加：

> use mogo
switched to db mogo
> db.users.insert({_id:123,name:"123"})
> db.users.find()
{ "_id" : 123, "name" : "123" }

switched to db mogo

> db.users.insert({_id:123,name:"123"})

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 123, "name" : "123" }

switched to db mogo

> db.users.insert({_id:123,name:"123"})

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 123, "name" : "123" }

switched to db mogo

> db.users.insert({_id:123,name:"123"})

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 123, "name" : "123" }

1.2 ，批量添加（使用javascript for 循环添加）：

> for(var i=0;i<5;i++){

... db.users.insert({

... _id:i,name:"name"+i,sex:20+i,address:"address"+i,tell:"134567890"+i}

... )}

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 123, "name" : "123" }

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "name0", "sex" : 20, "address" : "address0", "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "name1", "sex" : 21, "address" : "address1", "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

>  

1.3，insert（） 和save（）：如果使用insert（）插入的时候_id 已经存在会报错，而如果使用save（）则会修改信息

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 123, "name" : "123" } 修改前的值

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "name0", "sex" : 20, "address" : "address0", "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "name1", "sex" : 21, "address" : "address1", "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

> db.users.insert({_id:123,name:"12345"})

E11000 duplicate key error index: mogo.users.$_id_  dup key: { : 123.0 } 主键重复错误

> db.users.save({_id:123,name:"12345"})

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "name0", "sex" : 20, "address" : "address0", "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "name1", "sex" : 21, "address" : "address1", "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

{ "_id" : 123, "name" : "12345" } save（）方法修改之后的值

> 

2，删除操作  

2.1:条件删除 db.collectionNmae.remove({})        {}放删除的条件         

> db.users.find()  

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "name0", "sex" : 20, "address" : "address0", "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "name1", "sex" : 21, "address" : "address1", "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

{ "_id" : 123, "age" : "12345" }

> db.users.remove({_id:123})  //根据id删除

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "name0", "sex" : 20, "address" : "address0", "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "name1", "sex" : 21, "address" : "address1", "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

>

         2.2：全部删除db.collectionName.remove()


3,修改操作

3.1  ：update 操作 db.collectionName.update({修改条件}，{修改后的值})

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "name0", "sex" : 20, "address" : "address0", "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "name1", "sex" : 21, "address" : "address1", "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

> db.users.update(

... {name:"name0"}, //修改条件

... {name:"name00"}) //修改后的值

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "name00" }   可以看到修改之后的值就是我们update函数中的值，其它的属性都没有了

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "name1", "sex" : 21, "address" : "address1", "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

>

如果需要保留其它的属性，需要使用$set 修改器：

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "name00" }

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "name1", "sex" : 21, "address" : "address1", "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

> db.users.update(

... {name:"name1"},

... {$set:{name:"name11"}})    //使用$set 修改器将name为“name1”的修改成“name11”

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "name00" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "name" : "name11", "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678901" }          原来的其他属性保留

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

> db.users.update( {name:"name11"}, {$set:{country:"country"}})          如果$set 中的属性原来的文档中没有，则会添加到原来的文档中

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "name00" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "country" : "country", "name" : "name11", "sex" : 21, "tell" :

"1345678901" }            在原来的属性的基础之上添加了新的country属

>

3.2 保存或则修改操作  db.collectionName({条件},{新的值}，true)

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "name0", "sex" : 20, "address" : "address0", "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "name1", "sex" : 21, "address" : "address1", "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }


> db.users.update(

... {name:"name00"},    

... {name:"name000",age:90,address:"address9"},

... true)      //如果查询条件的值不存在，则将新的值插入到文档中

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "name0", "sex" : 20, "address" : "address0", "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "name1", "sex" : 21, "address" : "address1", "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("54fbe5a29f149608709573cc"), "name" : "name000", "age" : 90, "address" : "address

9" }      新增加的文档

3.3 批量修改操作

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "name0", "sex" : 20, "address" : "address0", "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "name1", "sex" : 21, "address" : "address1", "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("54fbe5a29f149608709573cc"), "name" : "name000", "age" : 90, "address" : "address

9" }

> db.users.update(

... {name:/^name/},     //使用正则表达式  ，修改name是以“name”开头的文档

... {name:"new name"})

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "new name" }       结果只有第一条满足的被修改了

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "name1", "sex" : 21, "address" : "address1", "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("54fbe5a29f149608709573cc"), "name" : "name000", "age" : 90, "address" : "address

9" }

>

使用批量修改

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "new name" }

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "name1", "sex" : 21, "address" : "address1", "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("54fbe5a29f149608709573cc"), "name" : "name000", "age" : 90, "address" : "address

9" }

> db.users.update(

... {name:/^name/},

... {name:"the new name"},

... false,

... true)    

multi update only works with $ operators      批量修改只能使用修改器

> db.users.update(

... {name:/^name/},

... {$set:{name:"the new name"}},         使用$set 修改器

... false,

... true)

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "new name" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "name" : "the new name", "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678904" }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("54fbe5a29f149608709573cc"), "address" : "address9", "age" : 90, "name" : "the ne

w name" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "name" : "the new name", "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "name" : "the new name", "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "name" : "the new name", "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678903" }

>

3.4使用修改器完成修改操作

3.4.1 $set修改器，如果新的属性不存在则会添加到文档，如果存在则会修改

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "name" : "name0", "sex" : 20, "address" : "address0", "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "name1", "sex" : 21, "address" : "address1", "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "name2", "sex" : 22, "address" : "address2", "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "name3", "sex" : 23, "address" : "address3", "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "name4", "sex" : 24, "address" : "address4", "tell" : "1345678904" }

> db.users.update(

... {name:/^name/},

... {$set:{name:"new name",country:"country"}},     使用$set 修改name属性，添加country属性

... false,

... true)

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "country" : "country", "name" : "new name", "sex" : 20, "tell"

: "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "country" : "country", "name" : "new name", "sex" : 21, "tell"

: "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "country" : "country", "name" : "new name", "sex" : 22, "tell"

: "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "country" : "country", "name" : "new name", "sex" : 23, "tell"

: "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "country" : "country", "name" : "new name", "sex" : 24, "tell"

: "1345678904" }

>

  3.4.2使用 $unset 修改器   将文档中的部分属性删除

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "name" : "new name", "sex" : 20, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "name" : "new name", "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "name" : "new name", "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "name" : "new name", "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "name" : "new name", "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678904" }

> db.users.update( {name:/^new/}, {$unset:{name:"123"}}, false ,true)  //将name属性去掉，至于name的值取什么都可以

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "sex" : 20, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678904" }

>

    3.4.3 使用$inc 修改器可以完成对数字类型的加减操作

> db.users.find()
{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "sex" : 20, "tell" : "1345678900" }
{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678901" }
{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678902" }
{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678903" }
{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678904" }
> db.users.update(
... {address:/^address/},
... {$inc:{sex:1}},   //将所有的sex自增1 如果为负数则减少
... false,
... true)
> db.users.find()
{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900" }
{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901" }
{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902" }
{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903" }
{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904" }

>

3.4.4. 使用$push 完成文档的添加 $pushAll 完成文档的批量添加  都只能操作数组

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904" }

> db.users.update(

... {address:/^address/},

... {$push:{books:"java"}},  //如果books属性不存在则添加到文档

... false,

... true)

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "java" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "java" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "java" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "java" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "java" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904" }

> db.users.update( {address:/^address/}, {$push:{books:"c++"}}, false, true) 如果存在则在而且是数组则后面添加，如果属性存在但是不是数组，则操作报错

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "java",  "c++" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900

" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "java",  "c++" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901

" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "java",  "c++" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902

" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "java",  "c++" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903

" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "java",  "c++" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904

" }

>

3.4.5. 使用$pull 完成文档的内容删除 $pullAll 完成文档的批量删除  都只能操作数组

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "java",  "c++" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900

" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "java",  "c++" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901

" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "java",  "c++" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902

" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "java",  "c++" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903

" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "java",  "c++" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904

" }

> db.users.update(

... {address:/^address/},

... {$pull:{books:"java"}},     //使用方式跟$push 一样作用相反

... false

... ,true)

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904" }

>

3.4.6使用$addToSet 想数组中添加，跟$push不同的是，使用$addToSet的时候如果属性已经存在则不添加，不存在才添加

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904" }

> db.users.update(

... {address:/address/},

... {$addToSet:{books:"c++"}}, //  由于集合中已经有了c++所以不会添加到集合中

... false,

... true)

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904" }

> db.users.update( {address:/address/}, {$addToSet:{books:"java"}}, false, true) //集合中没有 java 所以添加到集合中

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900

" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901

" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902

" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903

" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904

" }

>

3.4.7 使用$pop 取集合中的元素  

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900

" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901

" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902

" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903

" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904

" }

> db.users.update(

... {_id:0},

... {$pop:{books:1}})    //去除集合中的最后一个

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901

" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902

" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903

" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904

" }

> db.users.update( {_id:1}, {$pop:{books:-1}})  //去除集合中的第一个

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "java" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902

" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903

" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904

" }

>

4，查询操作

4.1：查询所有：   db.collectionName.find()

4.2: 条件查询所有属性db.collectionName.find({查询条件})

4.3：条件查询部分属性：

> db.users.find( {_id:0}, {_id:0,address:1,books:1})            //属性为0表示不查询为1表示查询   默认情况会查询id

{ "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "c++" ] }

>

4.4 使用  <($lt)  <=($lte)    >($gt)  >=($gte)   !=($ne)

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "java" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902

" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903

" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904

" }

> db.users.find( {sex:{$gt:22,$lt:25}}, {_id:0,address:1,books:1,sex:1})  //  查找性别  大于 22小于25 的 用户  显示部分属性

{ "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 23 }

{ "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 24 }

>

> db.users.find( {address:{$ne:"address0"}}, {_id:0,address:1,books:1,sex:1})   //使用 不等于条件查找
{ "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "java" ], "sex" : 22 }
{ "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 23 }
{ "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 24 }
{ "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 25 }

>

4.5 使用  and  or   

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "java" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902

" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903

" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904

" }

> db.users.find( {_id:{$gte:2},sex:{$lte:24}}) 当使用多个条件的时候 默认and 链接

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902

" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903

" }


> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "java" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902

" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903

" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904

" }

> db.users.find( 使用or链接条件

... {$or:[

... {_id:{$gt:3}},

... {sex:{$lt:24}}

... ]})

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "java" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902

" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904

" }

>

4.6 使用$in   $nin

> db.users.find()

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "java" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902

" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903

" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904

" }

> db.users.find(

... {_id:{$in:[0,3,4]}})

{ "_id" : 0, "address" : "address0", "books" : [  "c++" ], "sex" : 21, "tell" : "1345678900" }

{ "_id" : 3, "address" : "address3", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 24, "tell" : "1345678903

" }

{ "_id" : 4, "address" : "address4", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 25, "tell" : "1345678904

" }

> db.users.find(

... {_id:{$nin:[0,3,4]}})

{ "_id" : 1, "address" : "address1", "books" : [  "java" ], "sex" : 22, "tell" : "1345678901" }

{ "_id" : 2, "address" : "address2", "books" : [  "c++",  "java" ], "sex" : 23, "tell" : "1345678902

" }

>




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新增一列 ALTER TABLE dangerous_goods ADD COLUMN big_type_id INT(11) NULL COMMENT’违禁品大类id’ AFTER small_type_id
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chen88358323的专栏
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文章转自:http://ls-la.me/2015/07/24/mongo-02/ 这一节来看看MongoDB的CURD操作。启动mongod之后，用./bin/mongo进入交互命令行： 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526 $ ./bin/mongoMongoDB shell version: 3.0.4c
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1.命令执行器runCommand1.1用命令执行完成一次删除表的操作 db.runCommand({drop:"map"}) { "nIndexesWas" : 2, "msg" : "indexes dropped for collection", "ns" : "foobar.map", "ok" : 1 }2.如何查询
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