python接口测试-从excel读取数据，进行请求，并生成测试报告

使用openpyxl类库进行excel的数据读取，注：openpyxl仅支持xlsx后缀结尾的excel文件。

第一步，先安装openpyxl，直接控制台输入 pip install openpyxl。封装一个ExcelUtils的类。

import openpyxl
from openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet import Worksheet


class ExcelUtils:
    def __init__(self,file_name):
        self.file_name = file_name

                                                                                
    def openExcel(self,sheetName)->Worksheet:
        excel = openpyxl.open(self.file_name)
        sheet_name = excel[sheetName]
        return sheet_name

    def readHeader(self,sheetName):
        sheet_name = self.openExcel(sheetName)
        headers = []
        for header in sheet_name[1]:
            headers.append(header.value)
        return headers


    def readContent(self,sheetName):
        sheet_name = self.openExcel(sheetName)
        rows = list(sheet_name.rows)
        data=[]
        for row in rows[1:]:
            row_data = []
            for cell in row :
                row_data.append(cell.value)
                dict_data = dict(zip(self.readHeader(sheetName),row_data))
            data.append(dict_data)
        return data

if __name__ == '__main__':
    excel_utils = ExcelUtils(r"D:\PycharmProjects\cases.xlsx")
    sheet1 = excel_utils.readContent("Sheet1")
    print(sheet1)

第二步，装一个requests的库，pip install requests。简单封装一个HttpUtils的类。

import requests


class HttpUtils:
    def __init__(self):
        self.session = requests.session()

    def send_request(self, method, url, params=None, data=None, headers=None, **kwargs):
        res = self.session.request(method, url, params, data, headers, **kwargs)
        try:
            return res.json()
        except TypeError as e:
            print(f"不是json格式{e}")

第三步，写一个测试类test_login_case,此文件名必须以test_开头 引入ddt的包，pip install ddt

import unittest
import ddt
from demo.ExcelUtils import ExcelUtils
from demo.HttpUtils import HttpUtils

data = ExcelUtils(r"D:\PycharmProjects\cases.xlsx").readContent("Sheet1")
print(data)


@ddt.ddt
class TestCases(unittest.TestCase):
    @ddt.data(*data)
    def test_login(self, login_data):
        data1 = {"account": login_data["account"], "deviceId": login_data["deviceId"], "pwdCyp": login_data["pwdCyp"]}
        res = HttpUtils().send_request(method=login_data["method"],url=login_data["url"], data=data1)
        self.assertEqual(res["code"],200)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

第四步，创建一个run_case文件。

import os
import unittest
import time

test_loader = unittest.TestLoader()
path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
suite = test_loader.discover(path)
creat_file_path = os.path.join(path, "report")
if not os.path.exists(creat_file_path):
    os.mkdir(creat_file_path)
current_time = time.time()
file_path = os.path.join(creat_file_path, f"report{int(round(current_time*1000))}.txt")
with open(file_path,"w",encoding="utf-8") as f:
    runner = unittest.TextTestRunner(f,verbosity=2)
    runner.run(suite)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

其中TextTestRunner可以替换为HtmlTestRunner，具体替换可以参考这个大佬的博客：https://blog.csdn.net/Ben_zhangxw/article/details/115423843