正文
SpringMVC的路径匹配规则是依照Ant的来的.
实际上不只是SpringMVC,整个Spring框架的路径解析都是按照Ant的风格来的.
在Spring中的具体实现,详情参见 org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher.
具体规则如下(来自Spring AntPathMatcher源码注释):
/**
* {@link PathMatcher} implementation for Ant-style path patterns.
*
* <p>Part of this mapping code has been kindly borrowed from <a href="http://ant.apache.org">Apache Ant</a>.
*
* <p>The mapping matches URLs using the following rules:<br>
* <ul>
* <li>{@code ?} matches one character</li>
* <li>{@code *} matches zero or more characters</li>
* <li>{@code **} matches zero or more <em>directories</em> in a path</li>
* <li>{@code {spring:[a-z]+}} matches the regexp {@code [a-z]+} as a path variable named "spring"</li>
* </ul>
*
* <h3>Examples</h3>
* <ul>
* <li>{@code com/t?st.jsp} — matches {@code com/test.jsp} but also
* {@code com/tast.jsp} or {@code com/txst.jsp}</li>
* <li>{@code com/*.jsp} — matches all {@code .jsp} files in the
* {@code com} directory</li>
* <li><code>com/**/test.jsp</code> — matches all {@code test.jsp}
* files underneath the {@code com} path</li>
* <li><code>org/springframework/**/*.jsp</code> — matches all
* {@code .jsp} files underneath the {@code org/springframework} path</li>
* <li><code>org/**/servlet/bla.jsp</code> — matches
* {@code org/springframework/servlet/bla.jsp} but also
* {@code org/springframework/testing/servlet/bla.jsp} and {@code org/servlet/bla.jsp}</li>
* <li>{@code com/{filename:\\w+}.jsp} will match {@code com/test.jsp} and assign the value {@code test}
* to the {@code filename} variable</li>
* </ul>
*
* <p><strong>Note:</strong> a pattern and a path must both be absolute or must
* both be relative in order for the two to match. Therefore it is recommended
* that users of this implementation to sanitize patterns in order to prefix
* them with "/" as it makes sense in the context in which they're used.
* /
- ? 匹配1个字符
- * 匹配0个或多个字符
- ** 匹配路径中的0个或多个目录
- {spring:[a-z]+} 将正则表达式[a-z]+匹配到的值,赋值给名为 spring 的路径变量.(PS:必须是完全匹配才行,在SpringMVC中只有完全匹配才会进入controller层的方法)
符号 ?
和其它几个不一样的是,? 要求必须为一个字符,并且不能是代表路径分隔符的/.
@RequestMapping("/index?")
@ResponseBody
public String index(){
System.out.println("11");
return "11";
}
结果
index false 404错误(必须要有一个字符)
index/ false 404错误(不能为"/")
indexab false 404错误(不能是多个字符)
indexa true 输出 11
符号 *
*,虽然可以匹配多个任意的字符,但是,如果你以为 * 可以替代 ** 那就错了,* 代表的多个任意字符组成的字符串不能是个 目录 或者说 路径.也就是说,* 并不能拿来替代 **.
示例代码:
@RequestMapping("/index*")
@ResponseBody
public String index(){
System.out.println("11");
return "11";
}
结果:
index true 输出 11(可以为0字符)
index/ true 输出 11(可以为"/")
indexa true 输出 11(可以为1个字符)
indexabc true 输出 11(可以为多个字符)
index/a false 404错误("/a"是一个路径)
符号 **
0个或多个目录.** 代表的字符串本身不一定要包含 /
@RequestMapping("/index/**/a")
@ResponseBody
public String index(){
System.out.println();
return "11";
}
结果:
index/a true 输出 11(可以为0个目录)
index/x/a true 输出 11(可以为一个目录)
index/x/z/c/a true 输出 11(可以为多个目录)
符号 {spring:[a-z]+}
其它的关于 AntPathMatcher 的文章里,对 {spring:[a-z]+} 的匹配大多是只字未提.这里补充下.
示例代码:
@RequestMapping("/index/{username:[a-b]+}")
@ResponseBody
public String index(@PathVariable("username") String username){
System.out.println(username);
return username;
}
结果:
index/ab true 输出 ab
index/abbaaa true 输出 abbaaa
index/a false 404错误
index/ac false 404错误