centos7.5使用yum在线安装mysql8.0.x

CentOS自带的yum仓库文件中，默认是没有mysql记录的，所以我们去mysql的官网下载mysql的yum仓库文件，注意对应版本。地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

感谢此篇博客，我就是看过此文章后，按需操作安装的。特此记录下来
参考博文：https://www.cnblogs.com/skyblue123/p/13287028.html

1.添加mysql的yum仓库文件

yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch

安装后会在yum的仓库列表中多出mysql相关的仓库文件

[root@VM-0-9-centos yum.repos.d]# ll
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  614 Jun 30 10:40 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  230 Jun 30 10:40 CentOS-Epel.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2076 Apr 25  2019 mysql-community.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2108 Apr 25  2019 mysql-community-source.repo

每个.repo文件中都有多条记录，记录着相关软件的版本和安装地址等信息，我们把所有的.repo文件整体叫做yum的仓库，即整个yum.repos.d目录下的内容。

2.更新yum仓库

yum makecache

3.查看yum仓库，可以看到有了mysql的相关记录

[root@VM-0-9-centos log]# yum repolist all |grep mysql
mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community   disabled
mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community - disabled
mysql-cluster-7.6-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community   disabled
mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community - disabled
mysql-cluster-8.0-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 8.0 Community   disabled
mysql-cluster-8.0-community-source MySQL Cluster 8.0 Community - disabled
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64  MySQL Connectors Community    enabled:    212
mysql-connectors-community-source  MySQL Connectors Community -  disabled
mysql-tools-community/x86_64       MySQL Tools Community         enabled:    132
mysql-tools-community-source       MySQL Tools Community - Sourc disabled
mysql-tools-preview/x86_64         MySQL Tools Preview           disabled
mysql-tools-preview-source         MySQL Tools Preview - Source  disabled
mysql55-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.5 Community Server    disabled
mysql55-community-source           MySQL 5.5 Community Server -  disabled
mysql56-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.6 Community Server    disabled
mysql56-community-source           MySQL 5.6 Community Server -  disabled
mysql57-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.7 Community Server    disabled
mysql57-community-source           MySQL 5.7 Community Server -  disabled
mysql80-community/x86_64           MySQL 8.0 Community Server    enabled:    283
mysql80-community-source           MySQL 8.0 Community Server -  disabled

4.选择一个我们需要的版本，开始在线安装mysql

yum install mysql-community-server

在线等待yum下载安装完成，这个版本共需要490m左右。
安装成功会自动创建一个’root’@'localhost’的本地用户，临时密码在/var/log/mysql.log文件中（hn?oW<U6tFy7）

[root@VM-0-9-centos ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log |grep password
2021-09-22T11:35:49.670720Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: hn?oW<U6tFy7

5.修改临时密码
临时密码必须修改，不然mysql无法使用。新密码要符合mysql8的密码策略，或者可以修改密码策略。也可以把临时密码改一改作为新密码用

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '符合密码策略的新密码';

登录msql时，不要忘记 带上-u参数，不然会报Ignoring query to other database错误。带上-u参数重新登陆！

7.启动mysql服务，设置开机启动
启动：

systemctl start mysqld.service

开机启动：

systemctl enable mysqld.service

查看状态：

systemctl status mysqld.service

[root@VM-0-9-centos ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-09-22 19:35:55 CST; 2h 42min ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
 Main PID: 17335 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─17335 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Sep 22 19:35:45 VM-0-9-centos systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Sep 22 19:35:55 VM-0-9-centos systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

8.开启数据库的远程访问功能

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select user,host from user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
| root             | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
mysql> select user,host from user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| root             | %         |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

刷新配置，使之生效！！！

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

测试远程链接数据库：