Linux 常用命令 对应的 英文 [便于记忆]

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命令缩写：

ls：list(列出目录内容)

cd：Change Directory（改变目录）

su:switch user 切换用户

rpm:redhat package manager 红帽子打包管理器

pwd:print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径

ps: process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器) 常用参数：－auxf

ps -auxf 显示进程状态

df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。

rpm： 即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的发明之一

rmdir：Remove Directory（删除目录）

rm：Remove（删除目录或文件）

cat: concatenate连锁 cat file1 file2>>file3把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中

insmod: install module,载入模块

ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式

mkdir：Make Directory(创建目录

touch

man: Manual

pwd：Print working directory

su：Swith user

cd：Change directory

ls：List files

ps：Process Status

mkdir：Make directory

rmdir：Remove directory

mkfs: Make file system

fsck：File system check

cat: Concatenate

uname: Unix name

df: Disk free

du: Disk usage

lsmod: List modules

mv: Move file

rm: Remove file

cp: Copy file

ln: Link files

fg: Foreground

bg: Background

chown: Change owner

chgrp: Change group

chmod: Change mode

umount: Unmount

dd: 本来应根据其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“C Complier”，所以命名为“dd”

tar：Tape archive

ldd：List dynamic dependencies

insmod：Install module

rmmod：Remove module

lsmod：List module

文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration

Knnxxx / Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）

.a（扩展名a）：Archive，static library

.so（扩展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library

.o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file

RPM：Red hat package manager

dpkg：Debian package manager

apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供） 

 

部分Linux命令缩写

 

bin = BINaries #下面的是一些二进制程序文件

 

/dev = DEVices  #下面的是一些硬件驱动

 

/etc = ETCetera #目录存放着各种系统配置文件, 类似于windows下的system

 

/lib = LIBrary

 

/proc = PROCesses

 

/sbin = Superuser BINaries

 

/tmp = TeMPorary

 

/usr = Unix Shared Resources 

 

/var = VARiable ?

 

/boot=boot #下面的是开机启动文件

 

FIFO = First In, First Out

 

GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader

 

IFS = Internal Field Seperators

 

LILO = LInux LOader

 

MySQL = My是最初作者女儿的名字，SQL = Structured Query Language

 

PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor

 

PS = Prompt String

 

Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language" = "Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister"

 

Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python's Flying Circus

 

Tcl = Tool Command Language

 

Tk = ToolKit

 

VT = Video Terminal

 

YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool

 

apache = "a patchy" server

 

apt = Advanced Packaging Tool

 

ar = archiver

 

as = assembler

 

awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan" 三个作者的姓的第一个字母

 

bash = Bourne Again SHell

 

bc = Basic (Better) Calculator

 

bg = BackGround

 

biff = 作者Heidi Stettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。

 

cal = CALendar

 

cat = CATenate

 

cd = Change Directory

 

chgrp = CHange GRouP

 

chmod = CHange MODe

 

chown = CHange OWNer

 

chsh = CHange SHell

 

cmp = compare

 

cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture

 

comm = common

 

cp = CoPy

 

cpio = CoPy In and Out

 

cpp = C Pre Processor

 

cron = Chronos 希腊文时间

 

cups = Common Unix Printing System

 

cvs = Current Version System

 

daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor

 

dc = Desk Calculator

 

dd = Disk Dump

 

df = Disk Free

 

diff = DIFFerence

 

dmesg = diagnostic message

 

du = Disk Usage

 

ed = editor

 

egrep = Extended GREP

 

elf = Extensible Linking Format

 

elm = ELectronic Mail

 

emacs = Editor MACroS

 

eval = EVALuate

 

ex = EXtended

 

exec = EXECute

 

fd = file descriptors

 

fg = ForeGround

 

fgrep = Fixed GREP

 

fmt = format

 

fsck = File System ChecK

 

fstab = FileSystem TABle

 

fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager

 

gawk = GNU AWK

 

gpg = GNU Privacy Guard

 

groff = GNU troff

 

hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer

 

joe = Joe's Own Editor

 

ksh = Korn SHell

 

lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder

 

lex = LEXical analyser

 

lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses

 

ln = LiNk

 

lpr = Line PRint

 

ls = list

 

lsof = LiSt Open Files

 

m4 = Macro processor Version 4

 

man = MANual pages

 

mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK

 

mc = Midnight Commander

 

mkfs = MaKe FileSystem

 

mknod = MaKe NODe

 

motd = Message of The Day

 

mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa

 

mtab = Mount TABle

 

mv = MoVe

 

nano = Nano's ANOther editor

 

nawk = New AWK

 

nl = Number of Lines

 

nm = names

 

nohup = No HangUP

 

nroff = New ROFF

 

od = Octal Dump

 

passwd = PASSWorD

 

pg = pager

 

pico = PIne's message COmposition editor

 

pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm"

 

ping = 拟声 又 = Packet InterNet Grouper

 

pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability

 

popd = POP Directory

 

pr = pre

 

printf = PRINT Formatted

 

ps = Processes Status

 

pty = pseudo tty

 

pushd = PUSH Directory

 

pwd = Print Working Directory

 

rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell

 

rev = REVerse

 

rm = ReMove

 

rn = Read News

 

roff = RunOFF

 

rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager

 

rsh, rlogin, rvim中的r = Remote

 

rxvt = ouR XVT

 

seamoneky = 我

 

sed = Stream EDitor

 

seq = SEQuence

 

shar = SHell ARchive

 

slrn = S-Lang rn

 

ssh = Secure SHell

 

ssl = Secure Sockets Layer

 

stty = Set TTY

 

su = Substitute User

 

svn = SubVersioN

 

tar = Tape ARchive

 

tcsh = TENEX C shell

 

tee = T (T形水管接口)

 

telnet = TEminaL over Network

 

termcap = terminal capability

 

terminfo = terminal information

 

tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art

 

tr = traslate

 

troff = Typesetter new ROFF

 

tsort = Topological SORT

 

tty = TeleTypewriter

 

twm = Tom's Window Manager

 

tz = TimeZone

 

udev = Userspace DEV

 

ulimit = User's LIMIT

 

umask = User's MASK

 

uniq = UNIQue

 

vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient

 

vim = Vi IMproved

 

wall = write all

 

wc = Word Count

 

wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator

 

xargs = eXtended ARGuments

 

xdm = X Display Manager

 

xlfd = X Logical Font Description

 

xmms = X Multimedia System

 

xrdb = X Resources DataBase

 

xwd = X Window Dump

 

yacc = yet another compiler compiler

 

Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell

 

su = Switch User

 

MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

 

ECMA = European Computer Manufacturers Association