Ubuntu Server搭建Git服务器

鱼听禅

已于 2024-04-07 21:34:48 修改

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分类专栏： # Ubuntu 文章标签：服务器运维 git

于 2023-04-12 23:03:36 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u010839204/article/details/130097762

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1.配置

硬件：树莓派B4

硬盘：4T机械硬盘

系统：ubuntu-22.04.2-preinstalled-server-arm64+raspi（树莓派官网下载）

2.前期准备

根据树莓派官网设置烧录系统并运行起来。

3.挂载硬盘

参考：Ubuntu Server搭建SVN服务器_鱼听禅的博客-CSDN博客

4.安装Git

4.1 安装Git服务器

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install git
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
git is already the newest version (1:2.34.1-1ubuntu1.8).
git set to manually installed.
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  ibverbs-providers libboost-iostreams1.74.0 libboost-thread1.74.0 libcephfs2 libgfapi0
  libgfrpc0 libgfxdr0 libglusterfs0 libibverbs1 libldb2 librados2 librdmacm1 libtalloc2
  libtevent0 liburing2 libwbclient0 python3-dnspython python3-gpg python3-ldb
  python3-markdown python3-pygments python3-requests-toolbelt python3-samba python3-talloc
  python3-tdb samba-common samba-common-bin samba-dsdb-modules samba-libs samba-vfs-modules
  tdb-tools
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.

4.2 查看git版本

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ git --version
git version 2.34.1

4.3 创建git仓库

ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt$ cd /DbDisk
-bash: cd: /DbDisk: No such file or directory
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt$ cd DbDisk
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt/DbDisk$ cd git
-bash: cd: git: No such file or directory
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt/DbDisk$ sudo mkdir git
ls
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt/DbDisk$ ls
'System Volume Information'   git   svn
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt/DbDisk$ cd git

4.4 创建版本库

ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt/DbDisk/git$ sudo mkdir Test
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt/DbDisk/git$ ll
total 4
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root  144 Apr 12 14:35 ./
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Apr 12 14:30 ../
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root    0 Apr 12 14:35 Test/
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt/DbDisk/git$ cd Test
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt/DbDisk/git/Test$ git init --bare # 进入版本库后再初始化
hint: Using 'master' as the name for the initial branch. This default branch name
hint: is subject to change. To configure the initial branch name to use in all
hint: of your new repositories, which will suppress this warning, call:
hint:
hint:   git config --global init.defaultBranch <name>
hint:
hint: Names commonly chosen instead of 'master' are 'main', 'trunk' and
hint: 'development'. The just-created branch can be renamed via this command:
hint:
hint:   git branch -m <name>
Initialized empty Git repository in /mnt/DbDisk/git/Test/.git/

4.5本地直接使用ssh访问git库。

ssh://用户名@公网IP:端口（默认ssh端口时可省略）/mnt/DbDisk/git/Test/.git

5.问题总结：

5.1 克隆后推送报git did not exit cleanly (exit code 1)或者git did not exit cleanly (exit code 128)

remote: error: refusing to update checked out branch: refs/heads/master
remote: error: By default, updating the current branch in a non-bare repository
remote: is denied, because it will make the index and work tree inconsistent
remote: with what you pushed, and will require 'git reset --hard' to match
remote: the work tree to HEAD.
remote:
remote: You can set the 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable
remote: to 'ignore' or 'warn' in the remote repository to allow pushing into
remote: its current branch;  however, this is not recommended unless you
remote: arranged to update its work tree to match what you pushed in some
remote: other way.
remote:
remote: To squelch this message and still keep the default behaviour, set

实际否面发现，服务器端初始化版本库时需要添加“--bare”参数，即“git init --bare”，创建空的数据库。本地推送就没有这种问题

5.2 Ubuntu Server中用agent管理私钥

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/.ssh$ ssh-agent bash        #先启动服务
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/.ssh$ ssh-add id_ed25519    #添加私钥
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@         WARNING: UNPROTECTED PRIVATE KEY FILE!          @
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
Permissions 0664 for 'id_ed25519' are too open.
It is required that your private key files are NOT accessible by others.
This private key will be ignored.
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/.ssh$ chmod 600 id_ed25519        # 设置权限
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/.ssh$ ssh-add id_ed25519            #重新添加

6.配置Git免密访问

华为云云耀云服务器L实例评测｜从零搭建Git服务器并配置ssh免密访问_华为云如何配置ssh-CSDN博客

Linux学习笔记-Ubuntu系统下配置ssh免密访问，创建多用户免密访问_ubuntu ssh免密-CSDN博客

7 踩坑经历

ubuntu服务器配置了openssh，然后客户端也安装了openssh用作ssh服务，然后遇到了powershell可以免密访问，但是git推送或拉取操作每次都需要输入密码。然后使用TortoiseGit同步数据要输入密码，使用vscode拉取获取推送的时候直接报错。

TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'replace')
    at c:\Program Files\Microsoft VS Code\resources\app\extensions\git\dist\askpass-main.js:1:1703
    at c:\Program Files\Microsoft VS Code\resources\app\extensions\git\dist\askpass-main.js:1:1922
    at c:\Program Files\Microsoft VS Code\resources\app\extensions\git\dist\askpass-main.js:1:1938
    at Object.<anonymous> (c:\Program Files\Microsoft VS Code\resources\app\extensions\git\dist\askpass-main.js:1:2044)
    at Module._compile (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1165:14)
    at Module._extensions..js (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1220:10)
    at Module.load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1035:32)
    at Module._load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:876:12)
    at c._load (node:electron/js2c/asar_bundle:5:13343)
    at Function.executeUserEntryPoint [as runMain] (node:internal/modules/run_main:77:12)
ubuntu@远程ip: Permission denied (publickey,password).
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

Please make sure you have the correct access rights
and the repository exists.

我尝试用控制台输入git指令进行同步，发现会提示输入密码，只要输入密码了就可以正常推送，分析应该是不能免密推动所以才报错的。问题又回到配置免密登陆。

然后我开始再网上各种搜解决方案找处理措施，发现网上都是什么生成密钥，把公钥拷贝到服务器等等。

一堆的都是访问github的，基本只需要把密码复制到网站上的指定位置就行。

结果不顶用，我是自己架设的git服务器，没有简单的密钥输入位置。

什么修改服务器文件夹，配置文件权限，修改ssh配置文件，添加密钥，重新生成等等。

然后试了好多都不顶用，只能自己搞。理论上git服务假设好了就可以访问才对。