【sql server】解决 com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerException: Incorrect syntax near '@P0'.

今天使用spring template写了一条sql server的分页语句：

String sql = "SELECT TOP ? * FROM [user] WHERE id NOT IN (SELECT TOP ? id FROM [user] )";

报错信息如下：

com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerException: Incorrect syntax near '@P0'.
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerException.makeFromDatabaseError(SQLServerException.java:216)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerStatement.getNextResult(SQLServerStatement.java:1515)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerPreparedStatement.doExecutePreparedStatement(SQLServerPreparedStatement.java:404)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerPreparedStatement$PrepStmtExecCmd.doExecute(SQLServerPreparedStatement.java:350)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.TDSCommand.execute(IOBuffer.java:5696)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerConnection.executeCommand(SQLServerConnection.java:1715)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerStatement.executeCommand(SQLServerStatement.java:180)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerStatement.executeStatement(SQLServerStatement.java:155)
	at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerPreparedStatement.executeQuery(SQLServerPreparedStatement.java:285)
	at com.mchange.v2.c3p0.impl.NewProxyPreparedStatement.executeQuery(NewProxyPreparedStatement.java:76)
	at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate$1.doInPreparedStatement(JdbcTemplate.java:700)
	at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:641)
	at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:692)
	at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:724)
	at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:734)
	at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:784)
	at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.queryForList(JdbcTemplate.java:889)
	at com.dao.DaoImp.findByPage(DaoImp.java:29)
	at com.controller.MainController1.ajax(MainController1.java:42)
	at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor33.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:215)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:132)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:104)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandleMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:781)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:721)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:83)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:943)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:877)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:966)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:868)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:644)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:842)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:725)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:291)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:219)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:505)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:142)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:610)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:534)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1081)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:658)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11NioProtocol.java:222)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1566)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1523)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

上网查询后，发现top后面的参数必须放在（）内。

正确的为：

String sql = "SELECT TOP (?) * FROM [user] WHERE id NOT IN (SELECT TOP (?) id FROM [user] )";