java -- java.lang.reflect.proxy分析

proxy使用

实例1

http://www.cnblogs.com/linjiqin/archive/2011/02/18/1957600.html

实例2

/*
*Copyright (c) 2016, gp.inc and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*/
package com.proxy.demo2;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;

public class ProxyStudy {

    @SuppressWarnings("all")
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ClassLoader loader = Collection.class.getClassLoader();
        Class<?>[] interfaces = new Class[] { Collection.class };

        InvocationHandler h = new InvocationHandler() {
            // proxyBuildColl是对ArrayList进行代理
            ArrayList target = new ArrayList();

            public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
                System.out.println(method.getName() + "执行之前...");
                if (null != args) {
                    System.out.println("方法的参数：" + Arrays.asList(args));
                } else {
                    System.out.println("方法的参数：" + null);
                }
                Object result = method.invoke(target, args);
                System.out.println(method.getName() + "执行之后...");
                return result;
            }
        };

        Collection proxyBuildCollection2 = (Collection) Proxy.newProxyInstance(loader, interfaces, h);

        proxyBuildCollection2.add("abc");
        proxyBuildCollection2.size();
        proxyBuildCollection2.clear();
        proxyBuildCollection2.getClass().getName();
    }
}

简述

动态代理，代理一个对象，间接执行相关操作，并且在执行操作前后可以增加额外操作，如日志。

应用场景

spring框架AOP中核心采用动态代理
org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy
org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy
两种动态代理的实现。

分析java.lang.reflect.Proxy

静态方法

方法newProxyInstance 是我们经常用到的，返回目标对象。

Collection proxyBuildCollection2 = (Collection) Proxy.newProxyInstance(loader, interfaces, h);

源码

    @CallerSensitive
    public static Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader,
                                          Class<?>[] interfaces,
                                          InvocationHandler h)
        throws IllegalArgumentException
    {
        if (h == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException();
        }

        final Class<?>[] intfs = interfaces.clone();
        final SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
        if (sm != null) {
            checkProxyAccess(Reflection.getCallerClass(), loader, intfs);
        }

        /*
         * Look up or generate the designated proxy class.
         */
        Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs);

        /*
         * Invoke its constructor with the designated invocation handler.
         */
        try {
            final Constructor<?> cons = cl.getConstructor(constructorParams);
            final InvocationHandler ih = h;
            if (sm != null && ProxyAccessHelper.needsNewInstanceCheck(cl)) {
                // create proxy instance with doPrivilege as the proxy class may
                // implement non-public interfaces that requires a special permission
                return AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
                    public Object run() {
                        return newInstance(cons, ih);
                    }
                });
            } else {
                return newInstance(cons, ih);
            }
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            throw new InternalError(e.toString());
        }
    }

看这行代码Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs);

    private static Class<?> getProxyClass0(ClassLoader loader,
                                           Class<?>... interfaces) {
        if (interfaces.length > 65535) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("interface limit exceeded");
        }

        // If the proxy class defined by the given loader implementing
        // the given interfaces exists, this will simply return the cached copy;
        // otherwise, it will create the proxy class via the ProxyClassFactory
        return proxyClassCache.get(loader, interfaces);
    }

proxyClassCache.get(loader, interfaces); 这行代码返回类对象

    public V get(K key, P parameter) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(parameter);

        expungeStaleEntries();

        Object cacheKey = CacheKey.valueOf(key, refQueue);

        // lazily install the 2nd level valuesMap for the particular cacheKey
        ConcurrentMap<Object, Supplier<V>> valuesMap = map.get(cacheKey);
        if (valuesMap == null) {
            ConcurrentMap<Object, Supplier<V>> oldValuesMap
                = map.putIfAbsent(cacheKey,
                                  valuesMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>());
            if (oldValuesMap != null) {
                valuesMap = oldValuesMap;
            }
        }

        // create subKey and retrieve the possible Supplier<V> stored by that
        // subKey from valuesMap
        Object subKey = Objects.requireNonNull(subKeyFactory.apply(key, parameter));
        Supplier<V> supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey);
        Factory factory = null;

        while (true) {
            if (supplier != null) {
                // supplier might be a Factory or a CacheValue<V> instance
                V value = supplier.get();
                if (value != null) {
                    return value;
                }
            }
            // else no supplier in cache
            // or a supplier that returned null (could be a cleared CacheValue
            // or a Factory that wasn't successful in installing the CacheValue)

            // lazily construct a Factory
            if (factory == null) {
                factory = new Factory(key, parameter, subKey, valuesMap);
            }

            if (supplier == null) {
                supplier = valuesMap.putIfAbsent(subKey, factory);
                if (supplier == null) {
                    // successfully installed Factory
                    supplier = factory;
                }
                // else retry with winning supplier
            } else {
                if (valuesMap.replace(subKey, supplier, factory)) {
                    // successfully replaced
                    // cleared CacheEntry / unsuccessful Factory
                    // with our Factory
                    supplier = factory;
                } else {
                    // retry with current supplier
                    supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey);
                }
            }
        }
    }

Object subKey = Objects.requireNonNull(subKeyFactory.apply(key, parameter)); 这行代码核心。

点进去，发现是一个接口

    interface BiFunction<T, U, R> {

        /**
         * Applies this function to the given arguments.
         *
         * @param t the first function argument
         * @param u the second function argument
         * @return the function result
         */
        R apply(T t, U u);
    }

实现类

用到了ProxyClassFactory类
详见：

    private static final WeakCache<ClassLoader, Class<?>[], Class<?>>
        proxyClassCache = new WeakCache<>(new KeyFactory(), new ProxyClassFactory());

ProxyClassFactory源码

    private static final class ProxyClassFactory
        implements BiFunction<ClassLoader, Class<?>[], Class<?>>
    {
        // prefix for all proxy class names
        private static final String proxyClassNamePrefix = "$Proxy";

        // next number to use for generation of unique proxy class names
        private static final AtomicLong nextUniqueNumber = new AtomicLong();

        @Override
        public Class<?> apply(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces) {

            Map<Class<?>, Boolean> interfaceSet = new IdentityHashMap<>(interfaces.length);
            for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
                /*
                 * Verify that the class loader resolves the name of this
                 * interface to the same Class object.
                 */
                Class<?> interfaceClass = null;
                try {
                    interfaceClass = Class.forName(intf.getName(), false, loader);
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                }
                if (interfaceClass != intf) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        intf + " is not visible from class loader");
                }
                /*
                 * Verify that the Class object actually represents an
                 * interface.
                 */
                if (!interfaceClass.isInterface()) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        interfaceClass.getName() + " is not an interface");
                }
                /*
                 * Verify that this interface is not a duplicate.
                 */
                if (interfaceSet.put(interfaceClass, Boolean.TRUE) != null) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "repeated interface: " + interfaceClass.getName());
                }
            }

            String proxyPkg = null;     // package to define proxy class in

            /*
             * Record the package of a non-public proxy interface so that the
             * proxy class will be defined in the same package.  Verify that
             * all non-public proxy interfaces are in the same package.
             */
            for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
                int flags = intf.getModifiers();
                if (!Modifier.isPublic(flags)) {
                    String name = intf.getName();
                    int n = name.lastIndexOf('.');
                    String pkg = ((n == -1) ? "" : name.substring(0, n + 1));
                    if (proxyPkg == null) {
                        proxyPkg = pkg;
                    } else if (!pkg.equals(proxyPkg)) {
                        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                            "non-public interfaces from different packages");
                    }
                }
            }

            if (proxyPkg == null) {
                // if no non-public proxy interfaces, use com.sun.proxy package
                proxyPkg = ReflectUtil.PROXY_PACKAGE + ".";
            }

            /*
             * Choose a name for the proxy class to generate.
             */
            long num = nextUniqueNumber.getAndIncrement();
            String proxyName = proxyPkg + proxyClassNamePrefix + num;

            /*
             * Generate the specified proxy class.
             */
            byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(
                proxyName, interfaces);
            try {
                return defineClass0(loader, proxyName,
                                    proxyClassFile, 0, proxyClassFile.length);
            } catch (ClassFormatError e) {
                /*
                 * A ClassFormatError here means that (barring bugs in the
                 * proxy class generation code) there was some other
                 * invalid aspect of the arguments supplied to the proxy
                 * class creation (such as virtual machine limitations
                 * exceeded).
                 */
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.toString());
            }
        }
    }

关键代码byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(
proxyName, interfaces);
源码

下面这段源码属于sun包下的，oracle并没有开放源码，我在下面网址收到的源码：http://www.docjar.com/html/api/sun/misc/ProxyGenerator.java.html，生成代理类的class文件

    public static byte[] generateProxyClass(final String name,
                                             Class[] interfaces)
     {
         ProxyGenerator gen = new ProxyGenerator(name, interfaces);
         final byte[] classFile = gen.generateClassFile();

         if (saveGeneratedFiles) {
             java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
             new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
                 public Void run() {
                     try {
                         FileOutputStream file =
                             new FileOutputStream(dotToSlash(name) + ".class");
                         file.write(classFile);
                         file.close();
                         return null;
                     } catch (IOException e) {
                         throw new InternalError(
                             "I/O exception saving generated file: " + e);
                     }
                 }
             });
         }

         return classFile;
     }

    private static native Class defineClass0(ClassLoader loader, String name,
                                             byte[] b, int off, int len);

这块代码使用native修饰，具体实现不是使用java编写，应该是在jvm中使用c编写的。

所有的代码生成的工作都由神秘的ProxyGenerator所完成了，当你尝试去探索这个类时，你所能获得的信息仅仅是它位于并未公开的sun.misc包，有若干常量、变量和方法以完成这个神奇的代码生成的过程，但是sun并没有提供源代码以供研读。至于动态类的定义，则由Proxy的native静态方法defineClass0执行。

网上找到一块代码，使用C++实现的defineClass0方法

/*
* Clasbs:     com_test_start_CommonClassLoader
* Method:    defineClass0
* Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;[BII)Ljava/lang/Class;
*/
JNIEXPORT jclass JNICALL Java_com_test_start_CommonClassLoader_defineClass0
  (JNIEnv *env, jobject loader, jstring  name, jbyteArray buffer, jint start, jint len)
{
jbyteArray temp=env->NewByteArray(len);//new一个数组，并申请一块内存
arraycopy(env,buffer,start,temp,start,len);//数组的复制相当于System.copy()方法
    jbyteArray byte0=encrypt(env,temp,len);//进行class文件的解密操作
if(byte0==NULL)
{
       env->DeleteLocalRef(temp);//释放内存
       return NULL;
}
jsize size=env->GetArrayLength(byte0);//技术数组的长度相当于Array的length属性
jclass classLoader=env->GetSuperclass(env->GetSuperclass(env->GetSuperclass(env->GetObjectClass(loader))));//获取父类装载器
jmethodID mid=env->GetMethodID(classLoader,"defineClass","(Ljava/lang/String;[BII)Ljava/lang/Class;");//获取defineClass方法
defineClass jclass cls=(jclass)env->CallObjectMethod(loader,mid,name,byte0,start,size);//调用Classloader的defineClass定义一个类到jvm中
env->DeleteLocalRef(byte0);//释放内存
return cls;
}