ubuntu linux命令行发送邮件 heirloom-mailx

1，安装mailutils

• 系统

 cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS \n \l

apt install -y mailutils

2，mailutils配置

cat /usr/share/doc/mailutils/examples/mail.rc

3，发送邮件

• 发送邮件报错

# echo "This is the mail body" | mail -s "Subject" 邮箱
mail: cannot send message: Process exited with a non-zero status

• 查看日志

# tail /var/log/mail.err
May 22 15:52:21 zj01 postfix/sendmail[102701]: fatal: open /etc/postfix/main.cf: No such file or directory
May 22 16:34:18 zj01 postfix/sendmail[113790]: fatal: open /etc/postfix/main.cf: No such file or directory

4，安装postfix

apt-get install postfix

5，安装heirloom-mailx

• 添加源

# vim /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main universe

# apt update
# apt install heirloom-mailx -y

5.1，配置heirloom-mailx

• vim /etc/s-nail.rc添加到配置文件末尾
• 使用网易邮箱，邮箱开启POP3/SMTP/IMAP服务

set from="网易邮箱@163.com"
set smtp="smtps://smtp.163.com:465"
set smtp-auth-user="网易邮箱@163.com"
set smtp-auth-password="授权码"
set smtp-auth=login

• 测试

echo "邮件内容" | s-nail  -s "邮件主题" QQ邮箱@qq.com

• 测试成功
  

• 报错

s-nail: smtp-server: 554 DT:SPM 163 smtp9,DcCowADH0GhpEdFeEW2WDg--.437S2 1590759786,please see http://mail.163.com/help/help_spam_16.htm?ip=223.247.87.181&hostid=smtp9&time=1590759786
/root/dead.letter 13/382
... message not sent

• 需要安装mailutils，成功发送测试邮件

# apt install -y mailutils

6，关闭邮件提示

• 终端会有邮件提示

您在 /var/mail/root 中有新邮件

• mail查看邮件

# mail
"/var/mail/root": 14 messages 14 new
>N   1 Cron Daemon        六 5月 30 00:0  23/958   Cron <root@zj> /bin/bash /root/mail.sh

• 关闭提示

echo "unset MAILCHECK" >> /etc/profile

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参考：

1. mail: 在linux上通过命令行发送邮件
2. Linux 命令行发送邮件的 5 种方法
3. ubuntu18.04 heirloom-mailx 通过外部SMTP服务器发送邮件
4. 禁止系统检查邮件