准备:
官网下载mysql安装包:mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
官网下载图形操作界面workbench(可选):mysql-workbench-community_8.0.13-1ubuntu18.10_amd64.deb (双击安装)
安装
1.检查库文件是否存在,如有删除。
[root@localhost Desktop]$ rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.52.x86_64 --nodeps
2.检查mysql组和用户是否存在,如无创建。
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql mysql:x:490: [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql mysql:x:496:490::/home/mysql:/bin/bash
以上为默认存在的情况,如无,执行添加命令:
[root@localhost ~]#groupadd mysql [root@localhost ~]#useradd -r -g mysql mysql
//useradd -r参数表示mysql用户是系统用户,不可用于登录系统。
3.使用cd命令进入安装包所在文件夹,解压mysql安装包:
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
4. 将解压好的文件移动到/opt/soft/mysql(按照实际情况选择)目录下
mv mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /opt/soft/mysql/
5.更改文件夹所属组和用户
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql/ [root@localhost local]# chgrp -R mysql mysql/ [root@localhost local]# cd mysql/
6.安装和初始化数据库
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/soft/mysql --datadir=/opt/soft/mysql/data/
在安装mysql时遇到以下错误
执行./mysqld --initialize 后
./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
原因是没有安装libaio.so.1,安装即可。
Redhat/Fedora/CentOS下执行:
yum -y install libaio
再次执行初始化数据库命令时,继续报错:
[root@bogon mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@bogon mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql
[root@bogon mysql]# yum -y install libnuma
再次执行初始化数据库命令,成功后显示root@localhost生成的临时密码是 (示例)
s8:0Ao/.n:te
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data 【未用】
root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf [root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql [root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysql //把mysql注册为开启启动项 [root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --list mysql 查看是否添加成功 [root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/init.d/mysql
安装时提示无add命令,通过sysv-rc-conf命令解决
apt-get install sysv-rc-conf sysv-rc-conf --level 345 mysqld//添加 sysv-rc-conf --list mysqld//验证
7.修改/etc/my.cnf文件
修改内容如下:
basedir=/opt/soft/mysql datadir=/opt/soft/mysql/data
如果没有my-default.cnf文件,可以编辑一个my-default.cnf文件,内容如下:
[root@bogon support-files]# vi my.cnf
[mysqld] basedir = /opt/soft/mysql datadir = /opt/soft/mysql/data character_set_server=utf8 init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' [client] default-character-set=utf8 port = 3306 #socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.lock [mysqld] sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
8.修改mysql登陆的密码:
[root@localhost mysql]# cd bin [root@localhost mysql]# ./mysql -uroot -p
密码上面生成的临时密码
9.修改密码
mysql> set password=password("123456");
修改mysql远程登陆:
use mysql; update user set host='%' where user='root'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; exit;
10.启动或查看mysqld的状态
root@g114e1800115:/opt/soft# service mysqld status * MySQL running (21472)
service mysqld stop service mysqld start service mysqld restart
11.命令行登录mysql
root@g114e1800115:/opt/soft/mysql/bin# ./mysql -uroot -p Enter password:
密码为修改后的密码